Muscles - Hand

Question 1

What are the 5 compartments of the hand?

Answer 1

Thenar
Adductor
Palmar
Interosseous
Hypothenar

Question 2

What are the 3 muscles of the thenar compartment?

Answer 2

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

Question 3

Which muscle is located in the adductor compartment?

Answer 3

Adductor pollicis

Question 4

What are the 3 muscles of the hypothenar compartment?

Answer 4

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

Question 5

What are the 4 types of muscles in the hand?

Answer 5

Intrinsic (7)
Palmar interossei (3)
Dorsal interossei (4)
Lumbricals (4)

Question 6

Describe the structure and contents of the carpal tunnel

Answer 6

Roof: flexor retinaculum
Floor: carpal bones
Lateral attachment: scaphoid and trapezoid bones
DIstal attachment: pisiform and hook of hamate

Contents:
4 tendons of the Flexor DIgitorum Superficialis
4 tendons of the Flexor Digitorum Profundus
tendon of the Flexor Pollicis Longus
Median nerve

Question 7

What 6 structures run superficially to the carpal tunnel?

Answer 7

Ulnar nerve
Ulnar artery
Palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve
Palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
palmaris longus tendon

Question 8

Describe the structure of the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 8

Lateral: distal radius
Medial: pisiform and hook of the hamate

Question 9

What are the 10 structures deep to the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 9

Extensor synovial sheaths
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris tendon
Extensor Digiti Minimi tendon
Extensor Digitorum tendon
Extensor Indicis tendon
Extensor Pollicis Longus tendon
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus tendon
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis tendon
Abductor Pollicis Longus tendon
Extensor Pollicis Longus tendon

Question 10

Which 4 structures run superficially to the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 10

Basilic vein
Cephalic vein
Posterior cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve
Superficial branch of the radial nerve

Question 11

Describe the dorsal interossei muscles

Answer 11

4 muscles across the dorsal side of the hand

PA: adjacent two metacarpals
DA: base of the proximal phalanges and extensor expansions of digits 2-4
NS: deep branch ulnar nerve
A: abduct digits from axial line

Question 12

Describe the palmar interossei muscles

Answer 12

3 muscles across the palmar side of the hand

PA: palmar surface of 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals
DA: extensor expansions of digits 2, 4 and 5
NS: deep branch of the ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
Action: adduct the digits back towards the axial line