muscles and bones Flashcards
1
Q
what is a sprain
A
a stretched or torn ligament
2
Q
what is a strain
A
a stretched or torn muscle or tendon
3
Q
what are the 4 stages of healing a fracture
A
- formation of hematoma
- formation of granulation tissue
- formation of bony callus
- bone remodelling
4
Q
what do osteoblasts do?
A
form new bone
5
Q
what do osteoclasts do
A
dissolve old bone
6
Q
what are the features of smooth muscle
A
- non striated
- involuntary
- single nucleated
6
Q
what are the features of cardiac muscle
A
- striated
- involuntary
- single nucleated
- branched
- contains many mitochondria
7
Q
what are the features of skeletal muscle
A
- voluntary
- striated
- multi-nucleated
8
Q
what is the purpose of cartilage
A
to cushion bones
9
Q
A
10
Q
what is the purpose of tendons
A
to attach muscle to bones
11
Q
what is the purpose of ligaments
A
to attach bones to bones
12
Q
describe agonistic and antagonistic pairs and give an example
A
- two muscles that work together
- working muscle is the agonist
- the non working muscle is the antagonist
- the role of the agonist is the facilitate the movement
- the role of the antagonist is to support the other muscle and allow a position to be maintained
EXAMPLE: bicep and tricep, in a bicep curl the bicep is agonist allowing the forearm to move towards the humerus and the tricep is the antagonist.
