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SSMT Class 221 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What does Latissimus Dorsi mean?

A

The widest back muscle

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2
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

The spinous processes T8- L5 AND the sacrum, via the thoracolumbar aponeurosis AND the iliac crest (external lip, posterior portion)

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3
Q

What is the distal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A

The medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus.

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4
Q

How many actions do we need to know of the latissimus dorsi?

A

3

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5
Q

What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi?

A

A. medial rotation of the humerus at the shoulder. B. ADduction of humerus at the shoulder. C. Extension of the humerus at the shoulder.

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6
Q

What does Extensor Carpi Ulnaris mean?

A

Extension, Wrist, pertaining to the ulna

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7
Q

Proximal attachment for Extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior ulna.

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8
Q

What does epicondyle mean?

A

Above, rounded end.

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9
Q

Distal attachment for the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

Base of 5th metacarpal and adjacent carpal (hamate - the medial distal carpal) 4

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10
Q

How many actions to the Extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

2

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11
Q

Actions for the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A
  1. wrist extension 2. Ulnar deviation (aDduction of wrist), working together with th flexor carpi ulnaris.
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12
Q

What does Flexor Carpi Ulnaris mean?

A

Flexion, wrist, pertaining to the ulna.

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13
Q

Proximal attachment for Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus and posterior ulna.

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14
Q

Distal attachment of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

Base of 5th metacarpal and adjacent carpal (hamate - the medial distal carpal.), along with Extensor Carpi Ulnaris.AND also attaches to the pisiform bone (the medial proximal carpal bone.)

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15
Q

How many actions for Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

2

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16
Q

Actions for Flexor Carpi Ulnaris?

A
  1. wrist flexion 2. ulnar deviation (aDduction) of wrist, acting together with Extensor Carpi Ulnaris.
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17
Q

All the wrist flexors originate on the _______ epicondyle, and cross the wrist _______.

A

Medial, anteriorly.

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18
Q

All the wrist extnesors originate on the ________ epicondyle and cross the wrist ________.

A

Lateral, posteriorly.

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19
Q

Both Flexor and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris wrist muscles have 2nd attachments on the posterior ________.

A

Ulna.

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20
Q

Both Flexor and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris wrist muscles have a ________ head AND an ________ head.

A

Humeral, ulnar.

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21
Q

Page number: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Pgs. 135 - 136, 141

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22
Q

Page number: Latissimus Dorsi

A

Pgs. 71 - 72

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23
Q

What is the location of the RECTUS FEMORIS?

A

on the anterior thigh

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24
Q

How many joints to the RECTUS FEMORIS cross?

A

2 (The only quadriceps that crosses 2 joints - the hips & knee)

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25
Q

Action of RECTUS FEMORIS?

A

EXTEND the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

FLEX the hip (coxal joint)

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26
Q

What does RHOMBOID mean?

A

4 sided

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27
Q

RHOMBOID has two parts, called __________ and _____________.

A

major and minor

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28
Q

Where is the general location of the RHOMBOIDS?

A

upper, inner back; between the spine and the scapula, under the traps

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29
Q

What is the proximal attachment for RHOMBOID MINOR?

A

Spinous Processes C7 - T1

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30
Q

What is the distal attachment for RHOMBOID MINOR?

A

Vertebral (medial) border - across the spine of the scapula

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31
Q

What is the proximal attachment for RHOMBOID MAJOR?

A

Spinous Processes T2 - T5

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32
Q

What is the distal attachment for RHOMBOID MAJOR?

A

Vertebral border - between spine of scapula and inferior angle of scapula

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33
Q

What is the action of the RHOMBOIDS?

A

Retraction (aDduction) of the scapula

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34
Q

RHOMBOIDS are __________ to the trapezius.

A

deep

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35
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR is _______________ to RHOMBOID MAJOR.

A

superior

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36
Q

Look on pg. 82 -83 in TG book to see a pic of RHOMBOIDS.

A

GOOD JOB! =)

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37
Q

What does GASTROCNEMIUS mean?

A

belly, leg

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38
Q

Where is the general location of the GASTROCNEMIUS?

A

back of the leg, calf

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39
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the GASTROCNEMIUS?

A

lateral and medial condyles of the femur

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40
Q

What is the distal attachment of the GASTROCNEMIUS?

A

by the achilles tendon (calcaneal tendon) to the calcaneus (heel)

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41
Q

What are the 2 actions of the GASTROCNEMIUS?

A

1) Flexion of the knee

2) Plantar flexion of the ankle

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42
Q

The superficial GASTROCNEMIUS has 2 ________ and crosses over 2 __________.

A

heads, joints

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43
Q

Look on pg. 371 in TG book to see a pic of GASTROCNEMIUS.

A

can anyone hear me????

44
Q

What does SERRATUS ANTERIOR mean?

A

saw toothed, toward front

45
Q

Where is the general location of the SERRATUS ANTERIOR?

A

under the armpit, wrapped around to the chest and to the back under the scapula

46
Q

What is the origin of the SERRATUS ANTERIOR?

A

Center of lateral aspect of first 8 or 9 ribs.

47
Q

Is the origin of the SERRATUS ANTERIOR also the proximal attachment?

A

i don’t know… in the notes, she put listed “origin” second, and did not indicate proximal or distal. anyone? same goes for the insertion/distal. if you know, please go into the editing mode and adjust questions 46 -48 (if you’re not already there.)

48
Q

What is the insertion of the SERRATUS ANTERIOR?

A

superior and inferior angles of the scapula and the medial margin in between, on anterior surfaces.

49
Q

What is the action of SERRATUS ANTERIOR?

A

Protraction (aBduction) of the scapula

50
Q

If the SERRATUS ANTERIOR is weak, the scapula will “pop out”, called ___________ scapula.

A

winged

51
Q

What are the 3 Vasti muscles that contribute to the quadriceps?

A

Vast intermedius,Vast Medialis, & Vastus Lateralis

52
Q

What are the locations of the Vasti muscle?

A

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS is deep to the rectus femoris.
VASTUS MEDIALIS forms a “tear-drop-shape” at the distal portion of the medial thigh,
VASTUS LATERALIS is the sole muscle in the lateral thigh.

53
Q

What is the Origin of the Vastus Medialis?

A

Medial lip of linea aspera

54
Q

The origin of the Vastus Lateralis is________..

A

Lateral lip of linea asper, glutialtubosity & greater trochanter

55
Q

The origin of the Vastus intermedius is ________-

A

Anterior & lateral shaft of the femur.

56
Q

Insertion of all vasti muscles is _________.

A

Tibial tuberosity (via the patella & patellar ligament)

57
Q

The action of the Vasti muscles are _________.

A

To EXTEND the knee (tibiofemoral joint)

58
Q

What is the Origin of the BICEPS FEMORIS?

A

Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity

Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera

59
Q

The insertion of the Biceps Femoris is _________.

A

Head of the fibula.

60
Q

What is the Action of the BICEPS FEMORIS?

A

FLEX the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
LATERALLY ROTATE the flexed knee (T/F joint)
Long head: EXTEND the hip (coxal joint)
Long head: Assist to LATERALLY ROTATE the hip (coxal joint)
TILT the pelvis posteriorly.

61
Q

The ORIGIN of the TRAPEZIUS muscle is ___.

A

External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuche & spinous processes of-7 through T-12.

62
Q

The Insertion of the TRAPEZIUS muscle is ____.

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion & spine of the scapula.

63
Q

What is the ACTION of the UPPER FIBERS of Trapezius muscle?

A

Bilaterally EXTEND the head & neck
UNILATERALLY: Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side, ROTATE the head &neck to the opposite side., Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint) UPWARDLY ROTATE the scapula (S/T joint)

64
Q

What is the action of the middle fibers of Trapezius muscle??

A

ADDUCT the scapula (S/T Joint)

STABILIZE the scapula (s/t joint)

65
Q

What is the action of the Lower fibers of Trapezius muscle?

A

DEPRESS the scapula (S/T joint)

UPWARDLY ROTATE the scapula (S/T joint)

66
Q

The origin of the PECTORALIS MAJOR is ______.

A

Medial 1/2 of clavicle, sternum & cartilage of 1st through 6th ribs.

67
Q

What is the Insertion of the Pectoralis Major?

A

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus.

68
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Major?

A

ADDUCT the shoulder
MEDIALLY ROTATES the shoulder
assist to ELEVATE the thorax during forced inhalation (with the arm fixed)
UPPER FIBERS: FLEX the shoulder & HORIZONTALLY ADDUCT the shoulder.
LOWER FIBERS: EXTEND the shoulder.

69
Q

The origin of the Masseter is the _______.

A

Zygomatic Arch.

70
Q

The insertion of the MASSETER is _____.

A

Angle & ramus of mandible

71
Q

What is the Action of the Masseter?

A

ELEVATE the mandible, may assist to PROTRACT the mandible.

72
Q

The origin of the Temporalis is ______.

A

Temporal fossa & fascia

73
Q

What is the Insertion of the Temporalis?

A

Coronoid process & anterior edge of ramus of the mandible.

74
Q

What is the action of the Temporalis?

A

ELEVATE the mandible,

RETRACT the mandible

75
Q

The Origin of the Gluteus Maximus is _____.

A

Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous & sacroiliac ligaments.

76
Q

What is the Insertion of the Gluteus Maximus?

A 
Illotibial tract (upper fibers) &
Gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
77
Q

The action of the Gluteus Maximus Is ________.

A

EXTEND the hip
LATERALLY ROTATE the hip
Lower fibers ADDUCT the hip

78
Q

The origin of the Gluteus Medius is ______.

A

Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior & anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest.

79
Q

What is the insertion of the GLUTEUS MEDIUS?

A

Lateral aspect of greater trochanter.

80
Q

What is the action of the GLUTEUS MEDIUS?

A 
All fibers: ABDUCT the hip (coxal joint)
Anterior fibars: MEDIALLY ROTATE the hip (coxal joint) FLEX the hip
posterior fibers: 
EXTEND the hip
LATERALLY ROTATE the hip.
81
Q

What is the origin of the Gluteus Minimus?

A

Gluteul surface of the ilium between the anterior & inferior gluteal lines.

82
Q

What is the insertion of the Gluteus Minimus?

A

Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

83
Q

The action of the Gluteus Minimus is ____.

A

ABDUCT the hip
MEDIALLY ROTATE the hip
FLEX the hip.

84
Q

What does SCM short for?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

85
Q

What is the origin of the Sternocleidomaastoid?

A

Sternal head: manubrium of sternum

claviclular head: Medial 1/3 of the clavicle

86
Q

Where is the SCM (sternocleidomastoid) located?

A

on the lateral & anterior aspects of the neck.

87
Q

How many heads does the SCM have?

A

2: heads. It has a large belly with 2 heads. A flat clavicular head & a slender sternal head.

88
Q

What is the insertion of the SCM?

A

Mastoid process of temporal bone & the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput.

89
Q

What is the action of the SCM?

A

unilaterally:
LATERALLY FLEX the head & neck to the same side.
ROTATE the head & neck to the opposite side.
Bilateraly:
FLEX the neck
assist to ELEVATE the ribcage during inhalation.

90
Q

Where are the Deltoids located?

A

on the cap of the shoulder.

91
Q

The origin of the deltoid is identical to the insertion of what muscle?

A

The Trapezius.

92
Q

What is the origin of the Deltoid?

A

Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle

93
Q

What is the insertion of the Deltoid?

A

Deltoid Tuberosity

94
Q

What are the actions of the Deltoid?

A

All fibers:ABDUCT the shoulder
Anterior fibers: FLEX the shoulder
MEDIALLY ROTATE the shoulder
HORIZONTALLY ABDUCT the shoulder

95
Q

Where is the Biceps Brachii located?

A

Superficially on the anterior arm. It has a long head & a short head which merge to from a long, oval belly.

96
Q

The tendon of the long head of BICEPS BRACHII passes through the _____________ __________ of the humerus. This groove helps to ___________ the tendon as it rises over the top of the shoulder.

A

Intertubercular groove, Stabilize

97
Q

What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Short head: Coracoid Process of scapula

Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

98
Q

What is the insertion of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Tuberosity of the radius & aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

99
Q

Where is the general location of the EXTERNAL OBLIQUES?

A

on either side of the stomach region, running superficial and diagonal.

100
Q

The EXTERNAL OBLIQUES are apart of how many muscles that make up the Abdominals?

A

4

101
Q

The proximal attachment for the EXTERNAL OBLIQUES?

A

ribs 5 - 12 (lateral and slightly posterior ribcage)

102
Q

The distal attachment for the EXTERNAL OBLIQUES?

A
  1. anterior half of iliac crest
  2. inguinal ligament (ASIS to pubis)
  3. abdominal aponeurosis (connects external oblique to LINEA ALBA, the thick white cord from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis)
103
Q

What is the BI-lateral action of the EXTERNAL OBLIQUES?

A

trunk flexion

104
Q

What are the 2 UNI-lateral actions of the EXTERNAL OBLIQUES?

A
  1. IPSI- lateral flexion, vertebral column

2. CONTRA- lateral rotation, vertebral column

105
Q

The EXTERNAL OBLIQUES are ____________ to the internal obliques.

A

superficial

SSMT Class 221 (9 decks)

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