A & P 2 - Class 1 - Intro to the Nervous System

Question 2

What are the three Whole Body Communicating Networks?

Answer 2

Fibrous (fascial) net, neural net, and fluid net.

Question 3

Define the fibrous (fascial) network.

Answer 3

Communicates mechanical information (pushes and pulls). Essentially a tissue - fascia- that interpenetrates continuously through ALL body structures.

Question 4

Define the neural network.

Answer 4

Communicates “coded” electrical information.

Question 5

Define the fluid network.

Answer 5

Communicates chemical information (through blood, lymph, ECF, etc.)

Question 6

What are the two Control Systems?

Answer 6

Nervous & endocrine.

Question 7

Define the nervous control system.

Answer 7

Controls other systems through nerve impulses.

Question 8

Define the endocrine control system.

Answer 8

Controls other systems through hormones released in the blood.

Question 9

What are the two nervous system subdivisions?

Answer 9

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS),

Question 10

The Central Nervous Systems deals with what two parts of the body?

Answer 10

Brain and spinal cord.

Question 11

The Peripheral Nervous System deals with what part of the body?

Answer 11

All nervous tissue outside the CNS (includes nerves and sensory receptors)

Question 12

What are the two subdivisions of the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 12

Somatic Division of PNS or Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and Autonomic Division of PNS or Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

Question 13

Define Somatic Nervous System.

Answer 13

Motor to skeletal muscles (voluntary).

Question 14

Define Autonomic Nervous System.

Answer 14

Motor to (and sensory from) smooth and cardiac muscle and glands (involuntary and subconscious).

Question 15

What are the two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System.

Answer 15

Sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Question 16

Define sympathetic in relation to the ANS.

Answer 16

Fight or flight reaction (or freeze). More powerful of the two subdivisions. Dually innervated with the parasympathetic.

Question 17

Define parasympathetic in relation to the ANS.

Answer 17

Rest and digest action. Dually innervated with the sympathetic.

Question 18

What are the two Peripheral Nervous System regional divisions?

Answer 18

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves.

Question 19

Define cranial nerves in relation to the PNS.

Answer 19

Cranial nerves are based on where nerves arise (these come out from the brain). There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

Question 20

Define spinal nerves in relation to the PNS.

Answer 20

Spinal nerves are based on where nerves arise (these come out from the spine). They are above and below each vertebrae.

Question 21

What is the major function of the nervous system?

Answer 21

Regulates body activities through nerve impulses.

Question 22

What are the three major functions of the nervous system?

Answer 22

Sensation (or sensory function), integration, and motor response (or motor function).

Question 23

Define sensation in relation to the nervous system.

Answer 23

Detection of changes in the body’s internal and external environment.

Question 24

Define integration in relation to the nervous system.

Answer 24

Processes and interprets sensations.

Question 25

Define motor response in relation to the nervous system.

Answer 25

Causes muscular contraction or glandular secretion.

Question 26

What are the two components of nervous tissue?

Answer 26

Neurons and neuroglia (or glia).

Question 27

What are neurons?

Answer 27

Conducting cells in the nervous system.

Question 28

What are neuroglia or glia?

Answer 28

Support cells to neurons. These are also the cells that can be involved in cancers of the nervous system.

Question 29

What are the three parts of a neuron?

Answer 29

Dendrites, cell body (soma), and axon.

Question 30

Define dendrites.

Answer 30

Cell processes (projections) that conduct impulses toward the cell body - the RECEIVING end of the neuron.

Question 31

Define neuron cell body or soma.

Answer 31

Main portion of the neuron; contains nucleus (brain of the cell).

Question 32

Define axon.

Answer 32

Cell process (usually one) that conducts impulses AWAY from cell body - the transmitting end of the cell. Conducts impulse to the next neuron or gland or muscle.