Muscles 2

Question 1

Describe a tendon

Answer 1

Connective tissue between the end of a muscle and a point on a bone or cartilage

Question 2

Describe glycolytic muscle

Answer 2

• less fatigue-resistant (low stamina), energy inefficient
• lower myoglobin content & vascularization (“white”)
• generate ATP through glycolysis
• contract fast

Question 3

What does the length of a muscle determine?

Answer 3

How fast it can contract (b/c changes # of contractile units)

Question 4

What affects the amount of force generated by muscle contraction?

Answer 4

of muscle fibers recruited

Question 5

Describe muscle that does twitch contraction

Answer 5

contracts relatively quickly with varying force (depending on the muscle); has varying fatigue rates depending on amount of oxidative & glycolytic muscle cells

Question 6

Describe oxidative muscle

Answer 6

• fatigue-resistant, energy-efficient
• high myoglobin content & vascularization (red) to provide O2 for oxidative phosphorylation
• slower to contract

Question 7

Why are tendons necessary/useful?

Answer 7

• Allow muscles to only be as long as required, decreasing the amount of energy required to maintain (non-contractile tendon is “cheaper”)
• Optimize mass concentration and force application

Question 8

Describe a tonic-contraction muscle

Answer 8

contracts for long period of time, slowly and with low force - uses oxidative muscle

Question 9

What determines the total amount of force a muscle can contract with?

Answer 9

Cross-sectional area (bigger = more myofibers & more actin/myosin per cell)