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Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

This is where the muscles are attached.

A

Origin

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2
Q

This is where the muscle is pulled.

A

Insertion

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3
Q

This is where the muscles get Action potential.

A

Nerve supply

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4
Q

Cigar-shaped, multinucleate, striated, voluntary. Attach to and cover the bony skeleton

A

Skeletal Muscle

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5
Q

Largest skeletal muscle

A

up to 30 cm length

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6
Q

Give three types of muscles

A

Skeletal muscles
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscles

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7
Q

Organization of Skeletal Muscle

A

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

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8
Q

surrounds the whole muscle

A

Epimysium

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9
Q

surrounds each fascicle

A

Perimysium

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10
Q

surrounds each individual muscle fiber

A

Endomysium

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11
Q

Spindle-shaped, uninucleate, no striations involuntary. Found mainly in the walls of hollow visceral organs.

A

Smooth Muscle

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12
Q

Spiral or figure 8-shaped, Uninucleate, Striated, Involuntary. Propels blood thought the blood vessels to all body tissues.

A

Cardiac Muscle

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13
Q

structural and functional units of skeletal muscle

A

Sarcomere

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14
Q

Also called thick filaments

A

Myosin

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15
Q

called cross-bridges

A

Myosin heads

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16
Q

Attaches the myosin to the Z discs

A

Titin

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17
Q

also called thin filaments

A

Actin

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18
Q

Explain the Skeletal muscle activity.

A

Ca channels open
Calcium enters
Calcium causes synaptic vesicles in the axon terminal to release ACh
ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors in the sarcolemma.
ACh binds and opens channels that allow the passage of Na Ions
AP travels the entire surface of the sarcolemma

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19
Q

What breakdowns ACh?

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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20
Q

Explain the mechanism of muscle contraction.

A

AP stimulate the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca ions.
Ca ions trigger the binding of myosin to actin, initiating filament sliding.
When AP ends, Ca ions are returned to SR and the muscle fiber relaxes.

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21
Q

Contain only the actin

A

I line

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22
Q

Whole myosin

A

A band

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23
Q

Imaginary line in the center

A

M line

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24
Q

Space between actins

A

H zone

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25
Q

This is the border of the sacromere

A

Z disc

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26
Q

Capping protein for the barbed end of actin filament.

A

CapZ

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27
Q

What happens to the I band when contraction?

28
Q

What happens to the H zone when contraction?

29
Q

Types of muscle contraction

A

Isotonic and Isometric contraction

30
Q

Two types of isotonic contraction

A

Concentric contraction
Eccentric Contraction

31
Q

This is the shortening of muscle.

A

Isotonic (Concentric) Contraction

32
Q

Lengthening of muscle

A

Isotonic (Eccentric) Contraction

33
Q

Contractions in which the muscle do not shorten.

A

Isometric Contraction

34
Q

generally in the sagittal plane, that decreases the angle of the joint and brings to bones closer together

35
Q

movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis; movement of atlas around the axis

35
Q

opposite of flexion

36
Q

moving a limb away from the midline

A

Abduction-

36
Q

opposite of abduction

37
Q

proximal end of the limb is stationary and its distal end moves in a circle

A

Circumduction

37
Q

up movement of the foot at the ankle

A

Dorsiflexion

37
Q

down movement of the foot at the ankle

A

Plantar flexion

38
Q

turning the sole medially

39
Q

turning the sole laterally

40
Q

FA rotates laterally and palm faces anteriorly

A

Supination

41
Q

FA rotates medially so that the palm faces posteriorly

42
Q

action by which you move your thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers on the same hand

A

Opposition

43
Q

Interactions of Skeletal Muscles (4)

A

Prime movers
Antagonists
Synergists
Fixators

44
Q

muscle that has the major responsibility for causing a particular movement

A

Prime mover-

45
Q

muscles that oppose or reverse a movement

A

Antagonist

46
Q

help prime movers by producing the same movement or by reducing undesirable movements

A

Synergists

47
Q

they hold a bone still

48
Q

What nerve is the lateral rectus?

A

Abducens Nerve

49
Q

What verve is the Superior oblique?

A

Trochlear Nerve

50
Q

Raises eyebrows

A

Occipitofrontalis

51
Q

Frowning

A

Corrugator Supercilii

52
Q

Disgust (wrinkles bridge nose)

53
Q

Smiling

A

Zygomaticus major and minor

54
Q

which is located on each side of your mouth and aids in smiling (grimace)

55
Q

Kissing

A

Orbicularis Oris

56
Q

Sucking, blowing, kissing

A

Buccinator

57
Q

Sneering (contemptuous smiling)

A

Levator Anguli Oris

58
Q

which can open your nostrils and lift your upper lip

A

Levator labii superioris

59
Q

pouting

60
Q

depress angle of the mouth

61
Q

a muscle that runs from each cheek to each side of your jaw and helps your jaw close.

62
Q

Move ears

A

Auricularis

Anaphy (5 decks)

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