Muscles Flashcards
Action of Orbicularis Oculi
Closes eye
Action of Occipitofrontalis
Elevate eyebrows & wrinkle forehead skin. Retract scalp w/occipital belly
Action of Zygomaticus Major
Elevates corner of mouth
Action of Orbicularis Oris
Purses lips
Action of Masseter
Elevates jaw
Action of Superior Rectus
Elevates & medially rotates eye
Action of Inferior Rectus
Depresses and medially rotates eye
Action of Medial Rectus
Medially moves eye
Action of Lateral Rectus
Moves eye laterally
Action of Superior Oblique
Depresses and laterally rotates eye
Action of Inferior Oblique
Elevates and laterally rotates eye
Action of Sternocleidomastoid
Flexes neck
Action of Pectoralis major
Flexes arm
Action of pectoralis minor
Protracts and rotates scapula inferiorly
Action of external intercostal(s)
Elevates ribs
Action of intternal intercostal(s)
Depresses ribs
Action of rectus abdominus
Flexes vertebral column
Action of trapezius
Stabilize and move scapula
Action of Latissimus dorsi
Extends arm
Action of splenius capitus
Extends neck
Action of Erector Spinae group
Extends vertebral column
Action of teres major*
Pulls anterior surface of humerus medially towards trunk (internal rotation)
Action of rhomboids*
Scapular retraction around scapulothoracic joint
Action of infraspinatus
Laterally rotates arm
Action of supraspinatus
Abducts arm
Action of teres minor
Laterally rotates arm (synergist to infraspinatus)
Action of deltoid
Abducts arm
Action of biceps brachii
Flexes and supinates forearm
Action of brachialis
Flexes forearm
Action of triceps brachii
Extends forearm
Action of brachioradialis
Synergist in forearm extention
Action of extensor digitorum
Extends fingers
Action of flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist
Action of palmaris longus*
Wrist flexion & tensioning palmar aponeurosis; relevant for grip
Action of Iliopsoas
Thigh flexion
Action of gracilis*
Thigh flexion, adduction. Knee: leg flexion, leg internal rotation
Action or sartorius*
Synergist muscle (weak by itself)
Hip: flex, weakly abduct, laterally rotate femur
Knee: flex leg, when flexed, medially rotate leg
Action tensor fasciae latae*
Internally rotate and abduct hip
Works w/gluteus medius and minimus
Works w/IT band & gluteus maximus to abduct hip
Works with rectus femoris for hip flexion
Action of quadriceps femoris group
Extends the knee
Action of glutes*
Abduction & extension of thigh.
Some also assis abduction, external rotation and internal rotation of thigh
Action of hamstring group
Flexes knee
Action of gastronemius
Plantar flexion
Action of fibularis longus
Plantar flexion and eversion
Action of tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexion
Neck muscles
Diagastric 1)anterior belly 2)posterior belly 3)Insertion - intermediate tendon, hyoid bone Mylohyoid Thyrohyoid Sternocleidomastoid Sternohyoid Sternothyroid
Head muscles
Occipitofrontalis Temporalis Orbicularis Oculi Orbicularis Oris Zygomaticus Major Masseter
Eye muscles
Superior rectus Interior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior oblique Superior oblique
Anterior trunk muscles
Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior External intercostals Internal intercostals Rectus abdominus External oblique Internal oblique Tenasverse abdominus 1) Linea alba (structure, not muscle 2) Diaphragm
Posterior trunk muscles
Trapezius Latissimus dorsi Rhomboids major and minor Splenius capitis* Levitator scapulae Teres major
Erector spinae muscles
Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostals
Rotator cuff muscles
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Teres minor
Shoulder arm muscles
Deltoid Biceps brachii 1) Long head 2) Short head Brachialis Triceps brachii 1) Long head 2) Lateral head 3) Medial head
Forearm muscles
Brachioradialis Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Flexor carpi radialis Pronator teres
Hip & Thigh muscles, anterior
Iliopsoas 1) Iliacus 2) Psoas Major Adductor Longus Gracilis Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae Iliotibial Tract/Band (not muscle - structure) Quadraceps Femoris group 1) Rectus femoris 2) Vastus Lateralis 3) Vastus Medialis 4) Vastus Intermedius
Hips & Thigh muscles, posterior
Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Adductor magnus Hamstring group 1) Biceps femoris 2) Semitendenosus 3) Semimembranosus
Leg muscles
Gastrocnemius 1) Lateral head 2) Medial head Soleus Fibularis longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis Anterior
Origin & insertion of pectoralis major
I: greater tubercle of humerus
O: sternal end of clavicle, sternum, and cartilage of ribs 1-6
Origin and insertion of rectus abdominis
O: pubic crest & symphysis
I: xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
Origin and insertion of pectoralis minor
O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
Origin and insertion of trapezius
O: occipital bone, spines of C7 and throracic vertebre
I: acromion and spine of scapula, lateral clavicle
Origin and insertin of Latissimus dorsi
O: lower six thoracic vertebre via thoracolumbar fascia, lumbar vertebre, iliac crest
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Origin and Insertion of Infraspinatus
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Origin andninsertion of supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Origin & insertion of teres minor
O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Origin & Insertion of deltoid
O: lateral third of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Origins and insertion of Biceps brachii long head and short head
Long head O: supraglenoid tubercle
Short head O: posterior shaft of humerus
Both I: radial tuberosity
Origins and insertion of triceps brachi
Long head O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head O: posterior shaft of humerus
Medial head O: posterior shaft of humerus
All I: olecranon of ulna
Origin and insertion of brachioradialis
O: distal humerus
I: styloid process of radius
Iliopsoas origins and insertion
Iliacus O: iliac fossa
Psoas major O: lumbar vertebre and T12
Both insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Origin and insertion of Adductor longus
O: pubis near pubic symphysis
I: linea aspera
Origin and insertion of gracilis
O: pubis
I: medial aspect of tibia
Origin and insertion of sartorius
O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial aspect of proximal tibia
Origin and insertion of tensor fasciae latae
O: anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract
Origin and insertion of rectus femoris
O: anterior inferior iliac spine
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Origin and insertion of vastus lateralis
O: greater trochanter of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Origin and insertion of vastus medialis
O: linea aspera of femur
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Origin and insertion of gluteus medius
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
Origin and insertion of gluteus maximus
O: ilium sacrum and coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur
Origin and insertions of hamstring group
All O: ischial tuberosity
Biceps femoris I: lateral condyle of tibia
Semitendonosus I: medial aspect of tibia
Semimembranosus I: medial condyle of tibia
Origins and insertion of gastrocnemius
Lateral head O: lateral condyle of femur
Medial head O: medial condyle of femur
Both I: calcaneus of calcaneal tendon
Origin and insertion of tibialis anterior
O: lateral condyle and tibial shaft
I:medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone