Head & Neck Muscles

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

Origin: manubrium of sternum, clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process
Action: rotates, flexes head

Question 2

Sternohyoid

Answer 2

Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: depresses hyoid and larynx

Question 3

Sternothyroid

Answer 3

Origin: manubrium
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: depresses hyoid and larynx

Question 4

Mylohyoid

Answer 4

Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevates hyoid

Question 5

Thyrohyoid

Answer 5

Origin: thyroid cartilage
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: depresses hyoid, elevates thyroid

Question 6

Diagastric

Answer 6

Origin: mandible and mastoid process
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: opens mouth, depresses mandible

Question 7

Masseter

Answer 7

Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
Action: elevates mandible (closes jaw)

Question 8

Epicranius

Answer 8

Frontal belly action: raises eyebrows
Occipital belly action: pulls scalp posteriorly

Question 9

Temporalis

Answer 9

Action: elevates and retracts mandible (closes jaw)

Question 10

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 10

Closes eyes (as in winking)

Question 11

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 11

Puckers mouth (as in kissing)

Question 12

Zygomaticus

Answer 12

Raises corners of mouth (as in smiling)

Question 13

Risorius

Answer 13

Pulls corner of mouth back (as in smiling)

Question 14

Buccinator

Answer 14

Compresses cheek (as in sucking)

Question 15

Levator Lebii Superioris

Answer 15

Raises upper lip (as in snarling)

Question 16

Superior Rectus

Answer 16

O: common ring tendon
I: anterior and superior surface
A: Elevates and adducts eyeball, intortion

Question 17

Inferior Rectus

Answer 17

O: common ring tendon
I: anterior inferior surface
A: Depresses and adducts eyeball, extortion

Question 18

Medial Rectus

Answer 18

O: common ring tendon
I: anterior medial surface
A: Abduction

Question 19

Lateral Rectus

Answer 19

O: common ring tendon
I: anterior and superior surface
A: Elevation, intortion, abduction

Question 20

Superior Oblique

Answer 20

O: sphenoid; orbit apex above common ring tendon
I: posterior temporosuperior quadrant
A: Depresses and abducts eyeball

Question 21

Inferior Oblique

Answer 21

O: maxilla, behind lacrimal fossa
I: posterior temproinferior quadrant
A: Elevates and abducts eyeball, extortion

Question 22

Levitator palpebrae superioris

Answer 22

O: Orbit apex above common ring
A: lid elevation

Question 23

Medial and lateral pterygoid

Answer 23

O: sphenoid bone
I: mandible
A: medial - move mandible up and down (elevation)
Lateral - pull mandible forward (horizontal/transverse)