muscle tissue and organization

Question 1

what types of tissues are muscles made of

Answer 1

muscle, epithelial, nervous and connective

Question 2

skeletal muscles

Answer 2

those muscles attached to bones and are easily seen on the bodys exterior

Question 3

smooth muscle

Answer 3

essential for propelling materials through our internal tubes

Question 4

cardiac muscle

Answer 4

found only in the walls of the hear, pumps blood

Question 5

all muscles are…

Answer 5

excitable (respond to electrical stimuli)

Contractile (contracts to move bones or propel materials inside the body)

Extensible (capable of extending when opposite muscles attach)

Question 6

what is another name for skeletal muscle cells

Answer 6

muscle fibers

Question 7

Skeletal muscle functions

Answer 7

body movement

maintain posture

generate heat for temperature control

promote storage and movement of materials in the body

Support and stabilize body walls

Question 8

when a tendon forms a thin, flattend sheet

Answer 8

aponeurosis

Question 9

more stationary attachment when the muscle contracts

Answer 9

origin

Question 10

more moveable attachment when the muscle contracts

Answer 10

insertion

Question 11

is there extensive blood and nerve supply in the skeletal muscle

Answer 11

yes, it is used to deliver nutrients and oxygen and to remove wast products

Question 12

what are skeletal muscles classified as

Answer 12

voluntary (they have voluntary control over them and they are controlled by the somatic nervous system)

Question 13

efferent

Answer 13

they travel away from the center of activity, which is the central nervous system

motor neurons

Question 14

atrophy

Answer 14

muscle fibers need to be periodically stimulated to contract. If this does not happen muscles will get smaller and will “atrophy”

Question 15

hypertrophy

Answer 15

muscles will increase in muscle fiber size in response to exercise, especially i high volume

Question 16

axon

Answer 16

an axon travels through the epimysium and perimysium to synapse on an individual muscle fiber

Question 17

afferent

Answer 17

neurons that travel towards the central nervous system

Sensory neurons

Question 18

these muscles have their fibers concentrically arranged around an opening or recess

Answer 18

circular muscles

Question 19

these muscles have fasicules (bundles of muscle fibers) that run parallell to is long axis

Answer 19

parallel muscles

Question 20

these muscles have widespread muscle fibers that converge on a common attachment site

Answer 20

convergent muscles

Question 21

muscles that are named because thir tendons and muscle fibers resemble a large feather

Answer 21

pennate muscles

Question 22

fibers on same side of tendon

Answer 22

unipennate (ex. extensor digitorum)

Question 23

fibers on both sides of tendon

Answer 23

bipennate (ex. rectus femoris)

Question 24

tendon branches within ghe mucsle

Answer 24

multiipennate (ex. Deltoi)

Question 25

agonist

Answer 25

a muscle that contracts to produce a desired movement

Question 26

antagonist
synergistic

Answer 26

muscle that opposes the prime mover and produces the opposite movement

Question 27

what can aging cause with mucles

Answer 27

atrophy, decreased cardiovascular performance, easy fatigue, loss of muscle elasticity and poor muscle healing following injury