Articulations in depth Flashcards
what helps stabilize the acetabulofemoral joint
strong ligaments, strong joint capsule and powerful muscles
what does the acetabulofemoral joint consist of
head of femur
acetabulum
this deepens the concavity of the acetabulum and helps stabilize the acetabulofemoral joint
fibrocartilage acetabular labrum
(deep hip pain usually in front when injured)
contains a small artery that supplies some of the blood to the head of the femur
ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres)
these support the joint capsule and contain arteries that supply most of the boold to the neck and head of the remur
retinacular fibers
(usually injured when you dislocate your hip)
what 2 articulations are in the knee joint
tibiofemoral joint
patellofemoral joint
what kind of joint is the patellofemoral joint of the knee
gliding (plane) joint
where does the patella articulate with the femur
trochlea (patellar surface) of the femur
Quadriceps tendon
inserts onto the patella, which is embedded in this tendon
Patellar Ligament/Tendon
extends inferiorly from the patella and attaches to the tibial tuberosity
what is the tibiofemoral joint stabilized by medially and latteraly?
Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
Is the LCL attached to the meniscus
no
only the MCL
Varus
bow legged position/displacement
Valgus
Knock Knee position/displacement
what prevents varus displacement of the knee
lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
what is a varus stress test
it tests the integrity of the LCL
what prevents valgus displacement of the knee
Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
valgus stress test
test the integrity of the MCL
what can also tears when you tear your MCL
medial meniscus
these are c-shaped and made of fibrocartilage. They help stabilize the knee and play a very important role in dispersing forces placed on the articular cartilage
medial meniscus
Lateral meniscus
how can you injure your menisci
twisting motions, especially with weight-bearing
what is tight (taut) when the tibiofemoral joint is flexed
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
what is tight (taut) when the tibiofemoral joint is extended
Anterior cruciat ligament (ACL)
how to most ACL injuries occur
when bones of the leg twist in opposite directions. Usually a cutting or pivoting motion
Clinical testing for ACL tear
lachmans test
Anterior drawer test
Clinical testing for PCL tear
Posterior Sag Test
Posterior drawer test
autograft replacement
uses your own tissues, such as the middle portion of the patellar ligament
allograft replacement
uses materials from another person (cadaver)
what are the 2 bursae associated with the patella
prepatellar bursa (anterior to the patella)
Infrapatellar bursa (inferior to the patella)
hinge joint formed by the medial and lateral malleoli and the talus
talocrural joint
what is the talocrural joint surrounded by
articular capsule
medial ligament on ankle
deltoid ligament
lateral ligaments on ankle
posterior talofibular ligament
anterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
what does an excessive inversion sprain of the ankle rupture
anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament
this can cause damage to the deltoid ligament on the medial side of the ankle
eversion of the ankle
what can help reduce the incidence of of ankle sprains
high top athletic shoes
these are often accomanied by bleeding and inflammation of the joint capsule
sprains
what kind of joints are intertarsal joints
planar (gliding) joints
what kind of joins are metatarsophalangeal joint
condyloid joints
what kind of joints are interphalangeal joints
hinge joints
