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Anatomy > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What does muscle tissue allow? How?

A

Through muscle contraction, muscle tissue allows:

  • Movement of material through the body
  • Movement of parts of the body
  • The generation of heat
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2
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle
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3
Q

Define: Skeletal muscle

A
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4
Q

Define: Cardiac muscle

A
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5
Q

Define: Smooth muscle

A
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6
Q

What are the four properties of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Excitability
  2. Contractility
  3. Extensibility
  4. Elasticity
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7
Q

Define: Excitability

A
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8
Q

Define: Contractility

A
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9
Q

Define: Extinsibility

A
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10
Q

Define: Elasticity

A
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11
Q

What is the difference between relaxed and contracted sarcomere?

A
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

What are the roles of arteries, veins, and nerves?

A
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14
Q

What is the anatomy of a muscle?

A
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15
Q

What are the connective tissues associated with muscle?

A
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16
Q

What is the structure of muscles?

A
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17
Q

Individual muscle fibers are made of cylindrical organelles called ______

A

Myofibrils

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18
Q

Myofibrils are made up of repeating units called ______

A

Sarcomeres

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19
Q
A
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20
Q

______ are made of two types of myofilaments: ______ and ______. Also made of _____ filament.

A
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21
Q

The ___ filament is made up of three proteins:

A
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22
Q
A
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23
Q

How do tropomyosin and troponin interact with each other?

A
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24
Q

____ shortening leads to muscle shortening

A
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25
Q

What are the four sarcomere striations?

A
  • I-bands
  • A-bands
  • H-zones
  • M-line
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26
Q

What is an I-band?

A
  • Between thick filaments of adjacent sarcomeres
    • contains z-disks, thin filaments,
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27
Q

What is an A-band?

A
  • Length of thick filaments
    • Contain thick and thin filaments
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28
Q

What are H-zones?

A
  • Between thin filaments (within single sarcomere)
    • contain only thick filaments
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29
Q

What is the M-lline?

A
  • middle of H-zone
    • delicate filaments holding myosin in place
30
Q

What is the basic anatomy of a single mucle cell? (3 things)

A
31
Q
A
32
Q
A
33
Q
A
34
Q
A
35
Q

What is the purpose of motor units?

A
36
Q

What is a motor unit?

A
37
Q

How does the number of motor units affect contraction?

A
38
Q

What is the difference between powerful contractions and fine motor control?

A
39
Q

What is the neuromuscular junction?

A
40
Q
A
41
Q
A
42
Q
A
43
Q

What are the different fascicle arrangements?

A

Parallel muscles

Pennate muscles

Convergent muscles

Circular muscles

44
Q

Define the fascicle arrangement: Parallel Muscles

A
45
Q

Define the fascicle arrangement: Pennate Muscles

A
46
Q

Define the fascicle arrangement: Convergent muscles

A
47
Q

Define the fascicle arrangement: Circular Muscles

A
48
Q

What is the strength of comparably sized muscles (from greatest to lowest)

A
49
Q

What is the shortening ability of comparably sized muscles? (from greatest to lowest)

A
50
Q

What are the three main parts of muscle attachment?

A
51
Q
A
52
Q

What is the difference between direct and indirect muscle attachments?

A
53
Q
A
54
Q

______ are visible on bone where muscles attach

A
55
Q
A
56
Q

What is a synergist?

A

Muscles that work together to perform an action

57
Q

What is an antagonist?

A

Muscles that perform opposite functions

58
Q

What is a prime mover (agonist)?

A

Muscle that is primarily responsible for a movement

59
Q

What is a fixator?

A

a synergist that assists by holding a bone firmly in place to allow the prime mover to work more effectively.

60
Q

Skeletal muscle cells (do/do not) divide?

A

Do NOT

61
Q

In Elbow Flexion, what is the role of synergist, agonist, prime movers, and fixators?

A
62
Q

What causes an increase in muscle strength and size?

A
63
Q

Give an overview of cardiac muscle

A
64
Q
A
65
Q

Give the structure of an intercalated disc

A
66
Q

What is inherent rythmicity? What cells does it function in?

A
67
Q

Give an overview of smooth muscle

A
68
Q

What is the structure that allows for smooth muscle contraction?

A
69
Q

What two layers is smooth muscle typically divided into?

A
70
Q
A
71
Q
A

Anatomy (9 decks)

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