Muscle Tissue Flashcards by Logan B

Q

What does muscle tissue allow? How?

A

Through muscle contraction, muscle tissue allows:

Movement of material through the body
Movement of parts of the body
The generation of heat

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Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle

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Q

Define: Skeletal muscle

A

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Q

Define: Cardiac muscle

A

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Q

Define: Smooth muscle

A

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Q

What are the four properties of muscle tissue?

A

Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity

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Q

Define: Excitability

A

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Q

Define: Contractility

A

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Q

Define: Extinsibility

A

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Q

Define: Elasticity

A

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Q

What is the difference between relaxed and contracted sarcomere?

A

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Q

A

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Q

What are the roles of arteries, veins, and nerves?

A

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Q

What is the anatomy of a muscle?

A

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Q

What are the connective tissues associated with muscle?

A

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Q

What is the structure of muscles?

A

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Q

Individual muscle fibers are made of cylindrical organelles called ______

A

Myofibrils

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Q

Myofibrils are made up of repeating units called ______

A

Sarcomeres

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Q

A

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Q

______ are made of two types of myofilaments: ______ and ______. Also made of _____ filament.

A

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Q

The ___ filament is made up of three proteins:

A

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Q

A

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Q

How do tropomyosin and troponin interact with each other?

A

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Q

____ shortening leads to muscle shortening

A

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What are the four sarcomere striations?

* I-bands * A-bands * H-zones * M-line

What is an I-band?

* Between thick filaments of adjacent sarcomeres * contains z-disks, thin filaments,

What is an A-band?

* Length of thick filaments * Contain thick and thin filaments

What are H-zones?

* Between thin filaments (within single sarcomere) * contain only thick filaments

What is the M-lline?

* middle of H-zone * delicate filaments holding **myosin** in place

What is the basic anatomy of a single mucle cell? (3 things)

What is the purpose of motor units?

What is a motor unit?

How does the number of motor units affect contraction?

What is the difference between **powerful contractions** and **fine motor control**?

What is the **neuromuscular junction**?

What are the different fascicle arrangements?

Parallel muscles Pennate muscles Convergent muscles Circular muscles

Define the fascicle arrangement: Parallel Muscles

Define the fascicle arrangement: Pennate Muscles

Define the fascicle arrangement: Convergent muscles

Define the fascicle arrangement: Circular Muscles

What is the **strength** of comparably sized muscles (from greatest to lowest)

What is the **shortening ability** of comparably sized muscles? (from greatest to lowest)

What are the three main parts of muscle attachment?

What is the difference between direct and indirect muscle attachments?

\_\_\_\_\_\_ are visible on bone where muscles attach

What is a **synergist**?

Muscles that work *together* to perform an action

What is an **antagonist**?

Muscles that perform opposite functions

What is a **prime mover** (agonist)?

Muscle that is primarily responsible for a movement

What is a **fixator**?

a synergist that assists by holding a bone firmly in place to allow the prime mover to work more effectively.

Skeletal muscle cells (do/do not) divide?

Do NOT

In Elbow Flexion, what is the role of synergist, agonist, prime movers, and fixators?

What causes an increase in muscle strength and size?

Give an overview of cardiac muscle

Give the structure of an intercalated disc

What is inherent rythmicity? What cells does it function in?

Give an overview of smooth muscle

What is the structure that allows for smooth muscle contraction?

What two layers is smooth muscle typically divided into?