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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of human body weight does the integumentary system compose?

A

~ 7% of total body weight

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2
Q

The superficial epidermis overlies the _______

A

the dermis

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3
Q

The _____ is technically not part of the integument

A

the hypodermis

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4
Q

Why is skin considered an organ?

A

Because it is made up of different tissue types with a common function

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5
Q

What are the layers of the integument?

A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

What are the functions of the integument? (5 of them)

A
  • Protection
  • Body temperature regulation
  • Excretion of wastes through sweat
  • Vitamin D synthesis
  • Sensory Reception
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8
Q

What are the four types of epidermal cells?

A
  1. Keratinocytes
  2. Melanocytes
  3. Tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells)
  4. Dendritic cells
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of: Keratinocytes?

A
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of: Melanocytes?

A
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11
Q

What are the characteristics of: Tactile epithelial cells (Merkel cells)?

A
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12
Q

What are the characteristics of: Dendritic cells?

A
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13
Q
A
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14
Q
A
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15
Q

What are the four main epidermal layers from most superficial (nearest to outside of body) to least superficial (inside body)?

A

(Most Superficial)

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Granulosum

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum Basale

(Least Superficial)

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16
Q
A
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17
Q

What is the stratum lucidum? Where is it found?

A
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18
Q
A
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19
Q
A
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20
Q

What is the difference between thick skin and thin skin?

A
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21
Q
A
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22
Q

What are the characteristics and differences between callus, corn, and blister?

A
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23
Q

What are the layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary

Reticular

24
Q

What are the characteristics of the papillary layer of the dermis?

A
25
Q

What is responsible for the formation of fingerprints?

A

dermal papillae form fingerprints

26
Q

What are the characteristics of the reticular layer of the demis?

A
27
Q

What are cleavage lines?

A
28
Q

What are the characteristics of the hypodermis?

A
29
Q

What are the four types of burns and what are their characteristics?

A
30
Q

What is the rule of nines?

(not on test but useful)

A
31
Q

What are three types of skin cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

melanoma

32
Q

What are the characteristics of basal cell carcinoma?

A
33
Q

What are the characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma?

A
34
Q

What are the characteristics of melanoma?

A
35
Q

Which cancer originates in keratinocytes of the stratum basale?

(would not be surprised if you saw similar question on exam for the other cancers…)

A

Basal cell carcinoma

36
Q

What are the appendages of the skin? (five of them)

A
37
Q

What are the structures of the nail?

A
  • Corresponds to hoof or claw of other mammals
  • Scale-like modification of epidermis made of hard keratin.
    • Nail Plate
      • ​the part of the nail you can see
    • Nail root
      • Hidden under proximal nail fold
    • Sits on nail bed (pink due to blood supply in dermis)
    • Nail Matrix
      • ​site of growth
      • forms lunula under nail (pale)
    • Eponychium
      • cuticle
38
Q

What are the functions of hair and hair follicles?

A
39
Q

What are the different types of hair?

A
40
Q

What is the basic structure of hair?

A
41
Q

What is the advanced structure of hair?

A
42
Q

What is the structure of the hair follicle?

A
43
Q

What is the hair root plexus?

A
44
Q

What is the connection between the hair matrix and dermal papillae?

A
45
Q

What are the growth cycles of hair?

A
46
Q

What are the differences between straight, wavy, and curly hair?

A
47
Q

What is responsible for hair color? (not a genetics question)

A
48
Q

What is the scientific name for hair loss? Why does it happen?

A
49
Q

What is the errector pili muscle?

A
50
Q

What is piloerection?

A
51
Q

What are the 2 primary types of exocrine glands found in the skin?

A
52
Q

What are the characteristics of the sebaceous gland?

A
53
Q

What are the characteristics of sweat glands: eccrine?

A
54
Q

What are the two types of sweat gland?

A

Eccrine or sudoriferous glands

Apocrine

55
Q

What are the characteristics of the sweat gland: apocrine?

A

Anatomy (9 decks)

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