Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Rolf > Muscle Testing (Biomechanics) > Flashcards

Muscle Testing (Biomechanics) Flashcards

1
Q

Why is muscle testing important?

A

Assesses whether muscles are acting as they are supposed to. Weak muscles can affect gait & stance & can be strengthened.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the action of Tibialis Posterior?

A

Plantar flexion & inversion of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If flexor hallucis longus & flexor digitorum longus are substituting what will occur?

A

Toes strongly flex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is Tibialis Posterior tested?

A
  • Pt supine/ sitting
  • Fixate above ankle
  • Dorsiflex ankle & evert foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tibialis posterior weakness is seen clinically as?

A

If weak single limb raise difficult/ impossible & gross pronation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the action of Tibialis Anterior?

A

Dorsiflexion & Inversion of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is Tibialis Anterior Tested?

A
  • Pt supine/ sitting
  • Fixate above ankle
  • Plantar flex ankle & evert foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tibialis anterior weakness results in?

A

Gross pronation & dropfoot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the action of soleus?

A

Plantar flexion of foot (without inversion or eversion)

- Inversion/ eversion indicates tibialis posterior? toe flexors or peroneal substitution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is soleus tested?

A
  • Pt prone (lying face down) with knee flexed
  • Fixate leg proximal to ankle
  • Dorsiflex foot using calcaneus or plantar surface of foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Soleus weakness is seen clinically as?

A
  • Cavus position of foot &
  • Inability to rise on toes
  • Anterior displacement of body, possibly with knee flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the action of Gastrocnemius?

A

Plantar flexion of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is gastrocnemius tested?

A
  • Pt prone (lying face down) with knee extended
  • Pressure against plantar surface of foot (If Pt is strong)
  • Pressure against calcaneus only (If Pt is weaker)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gastrocnemius weakness is seen clinically as?

A

The inability to rise on toes &

Hyperextension of knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the action of Peroneus Longus & Brevis?

A

Eversion & Plantar flexion of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Peronus Longus & Brevis weakness is seen clinically as?

A

Varus position of foot
Decreased lateral stability
Rising on toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the action of Extensor Hallucis Longus &

Extensor Digitorum Brevis (medial slip)?

A

Extensor Hallucis Longus dorsiflexes the hallux @ the MPJ & assists ankle dorsi flexion

18
Q

How is Extensor Hallucis Longus & Extensor Digitorum Brevis tested?

A
  • Pt supine or sitting
  • Fixate foot behind ankle in plantar position
  • Pressure against dorsal surface of hallux
19
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus & Extensor Digitorum Brevis weakness is seen clinically as?

A

Decreased hallux & ankle joint extension,

allowing flexed position of toe

20
Q

What is the action of extensor digitorum longus & brevis?

A

Dorsi flexion of all joints of lesser digits &

Aids dorsi flexion at ankle joint

21
Q

How is extensor digitorum longus & brevis tested?

A
  • Pt supine/ sitting
  • Fixate behind ankle with foot plantar flexed
  • Apply pressure against dorsal surface of lesser toes
22
Q

Weakness of extensor digitorum longus & brevis results in?

A

Foot drop & forefoot varus

23
Q

What is the action of Flexor Hallucis Brevis?

A

Plantar flexion of hallux at MPJ

24
Q

How is Flexor Hallucis Brevis tested?

A
  • Pt supine/ sitting
  • Fixate foot & ankle
  • MPJ in neutral position
  • Apply pressure against plantar surface of proximal phalanx of hallux
25
Weakness of Flexor Hallucis Brevis results in?
Hammering of hallux & | Decreased stability of the longitudinal arch
26
What is the action of Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Plantar flexion of IPJ of hallux | Aids plantar flexion of MPJ, ankle joint & inversion of foot
27
How is Flexor Hallucis Longus tested?
- Pt supine/ sitting - Hold foot, ankle & 1st MPJ in neutral - Apply pressure against the plantar surface of the distal phalanx of hallux
28
Weakness of Flexor Hallucis Longus is seen clinically as?
Decreased inversion strength of foot | Plantar flexion of ankle with hallux hyperextended/ hammering
29
What is the action of the Hamstrings?
Knee flexion & hip extension
30
How are the hamstrings tested?
- Pt prone - Fixate thigh firmly on table - Pressure against calf (medially orientated leg for semi-membranosus & semi-tendinosus) (laterally orientated leg for biceps femoris at 50-70 degrees)
31
Weakness of hamstrings is seen clinically as?
Hyperextension of knee If bilateral -> anterior tilt of pelvis & lumbar lordosis Loss of medial or lateral strength = knock knees or bow legs
32
What is the action of Quadriceps Femoris?
Knee extension
33
How is Quadriceps Femoris tested?
- Pt sitting with knees over edge of bed/ plinth | - Apply pressure against dorsum of leg above the ankle
34
Weakness of Quadriceps Femoris results in?
Difficult climbing stairs or inclines Difficulty rising from a chair Hyperextension of knees
35
What is the action of Hip Flexors?
Flexion of the hip
36
Hip Flexor weakness results in?
Difficulty climbing stairs or inclines Difficulty rising from supine (lying down) position Difficulty rising from chair
37
What is the action of Flexor Digitorum Longus/ Quadratus Plantae?
Plantar flexion of the lesser toe joints | Assists in plantar flexion and inversion of foot
38
How is Flexor Digitorum Longus/ Quadratus Plantae tested?
- Pt supine/ sitting - Fixate foot & ankle in neutral position - Stabilise metatarsals - Apply pressure against the plantar surface of the distal phalanx of lesser toes
39
Weakness of Flexor Digitorum Longus/ Quadratus Plantae results in?
Hyperextension of distal phalanges 2-5 Decreased ability to invert foot Plantar flexion at ankle joint Increased pronation (in stance)
40
What is the action of Flexor Digitorum Brevis?
Plantar flexion of the proximal IPJ & | Flexion of MPJs of digits 2-5
41
How is Flexor Digitorum Brevis tested?
- Pt supine/ sitting - Fixate foot & ankle in neutral (& proximal phalanges) - Apply pressure against the plantar surface of middle phalanges 2-5
42
Weakness of Flexor Digitorum Brevis results in?
Decreased support of longitudinal & transverse arches

Rolf (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions