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MA 1100 > Muscle system > Flashcards

Muscle system Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

attached to the bones, allow for movement

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2
Q

Voluntary muscles

A

consious control over these muscles

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3
Q

Straited muscles

A

Muscles with a striped appearance

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4
Q

Smooth muscles

A

Muscles inside internal organs, move and control fluids through internal organs

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5
Q

Involuntary muscles

A

muscles controlled by autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

Myocardial muscles

A

muscles in the heart

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7
Q

Muscle innervation

A

simulation of a muscle by an impulse tramsitted by a motor nerve

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8
Q

Antagonistic

A

opposition of eachother

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9
Q

Contraction

A

tightening of a muscle

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10
Q

Relaxation

A

relaxation of a muscle, return to normal state

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11
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a limb away from the body

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12
Q

Adduction

A

movement of a limb toward the body

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13
Q

Flexion

A

decreasing the angle by bending a limb at a joint

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14
Q

Extension

A

increasing the angle by bending the limb at a joint

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15
Q

Hyperextension

A

extreme extension, overextension

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16
Q

Elevation

A

raising/lifting a body part

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17
Q

Depression

A

lowering a body part

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18
Q

Rotation

A

circular movement around an axis

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19
Q

Circumduction

A

circular movememt at the far end of a limb

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20
Q

Rotator muscle

A

turns a body part on its axis

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21
Q

Rotator cuff

A

group of muscles and tendons that hold humerus securley in place

22
Q

Supination

A

rotating arm or leg so the palm or sole is facing upwards (carrying a bowl of soup)

23
Q

Pronation

A

rotating arm or leg so the palm or sole is facing downward/backward

24
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

movement that bends the foot upward

25
Q

Plantar flexion

A

movement that bends the foot downwards

26
Q

Origin

A

where the muscle begins, closest to the midline of the body

27
Q

insertion

A

where the muscle ends, farthest away from the midline of the body

28
Q

Adhesion

A

band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

29
Q

Atrophy

A

weakness, wearing away of body tissues

30
Q

Myalgia

A

tenderness/pain in the muscles

31
Q

Myocele

A

the herniation (protrusion) of a muscle substance through a tear in the fascia

32
Q

Myolysis

A

degeneration of muscle tissue

33
Q

Myorrhexis

A

rupture/tearing of a muscle

34
Q

Polymyositis

A

muscle disease, simultaneous inflammation and weakness of voluntary muscles

35
Q

Rhabdomyolysis

A

syndrome or indirect muscle injury, death of muscle fibers are released into the bloodstream causing complications

36
Q

Sarcopenia

A

loss of muscle mass, strength, and funtion that come with aging

37
Q

Muscle tone

A

state of balanced muscle tension

38
Q

Atonic

A

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

39
Q

Dystonia

A

abnormal muscle tone, impairment of voluntary muscle movement

40
Q

Hypotonia

A

diminished tone of skeletal muscles

41
Q

Ataxia

A

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

42
Q

contracture

A

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin

43
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

pain in leg muscles during excercise, relieved during rest (caused by poor circulation)

44
Q

spasm

A

sudden, involuntary contraction

45
Q

Myoclonus

A

quick, involuntary jerking of muscle

46
Q

Singultus

A

hiccups

47
Q

cramp

A

painful, localized muscle spasm

48
Q

Torticollis

A

wryneck, stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction

49
Q

Bradykinesia

A

extreme slowness in movement

50
Q

Dyskinesia

A

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented/jerky movements

51
Q

Hyperkinesia

A

abnormal increased muscle function

MA 1100 (7 decks)

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