Muscle structure Flashcards
What is the basic functional unit of muscle tissue?
The sarcomere.
True or False: Skeletal muscle is involuntary.
False.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a connective tissue that surrounds a muscle.
epimysium.
What type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movements?
Skeletal muscle.
Which muscle type is found in the walls of hollow organs?
Smooth muscle.
What is the primary function of cardiac muscle?
To pump blood throughout the body.
Which protein is primarily responsible for muscle contraction?
Actin and myosin.
Multiple choice: Which muscle type has striations?
Skeletal muscle.
True or False: Cardiac muscle is under voluntary control.
False.
What is the term for the muscle’s ability to respond to stimuli?
Excitability.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a membrane that covers individual muscle fibers.
endomysium.
What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
To store and release calcium ions.
Which part of the muscle is connected to bones by tendons?
The belly of the muscle.
True or False: Smooth muscle can be found in the heart.
False.
What is the term for the attachment point of a muscle that remains fixed during contraction?
Origin.
What is the primary energy source for muscle contractions?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a connective tissue that surrounds fascicles.
perimysium.
Multiple choice: Which muscle type is non-striated?
Smooth muscle.
What is the term for the ability of a muscle to stretch?
Extensibility.
True or False: All muscle types are capable of regeneration.
False.
What is the role of myoglobin in muscle cells?
To store oxygen.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the functional contractile unit of a muscle fiber.
sarcomere.
What type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?
Cardiac muscle.
True or False: Muscle fibers can only contract in one direction.
True.
What is the term for a muscle that opposes the action of another muscle?
Antagonist.
Fill in the blank: Muscles that work together to produce a movement are known as _____ muscles.
synergistic.
What is the primary role of tendons?
To connect muscles to bones.
What is the term for the muscle’s ability to shorten and thicken?
Contractility.
Multiple choice: What is the main function of the muscle spindle?
To detect changes in muscle length.
True or False: The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle.
True.
What is the name of the muscle that raises the arm?
Deltoid.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a sheath of connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle.
epimysium.
What is the term for the point of attachment of a muscle that moves during contraction?
Insertion.
What is the primary role of the Z-line in a sarcomere?
To define the boundaries of each sarcomere.
True or False: Muscle fibers are multinucleated.
True.
What type of contraction generates force without changing length?
Isometric contraction.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the smallest unit of contraction in a muscle.
sarcomere.
Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the forearm?
Biceps brachii.
Multiple choice: Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens?
Eccentric contraction.
What is the term for the connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle group?
Fascia.
True or False: Muscle contractions require calcium ions.
True.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the muscle that is responsible for the muscle’s action.
belly.
What is the primary role of the actin filament in muscle contraction?
To provide a site for myosin to bind and pull.
What is the role of the neuromuscular junction?
To transmit signals from nerves to muscles.
True or False: All muscles in the body are under conscious control.
False.
What is the function of the troponin complex in muscle contraction?
To regulate the interaction between actin and myosin.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the main substance that muscles utilize for energy during contraction.
ATP.
