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AIF Remedial massage > Bone and joint physiology > Flashcards

Bone and joint physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary role of joints in the human body?

A

To connect bones and allow for movement.

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2
Q

True or False: Bones are static structures in the body.

A

False.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The two types of bone tissue are _____ and _____ bone.

A

cortical; trabecular.

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4
Q

What type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?

A

Ball-and-socket joint.

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5
Q

Define synovial joint.

A

A joint that is surrounded by a fluid-filled capsule, allowing for smooth movement.

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6
Q

What is the function of cartilage in joints?

A

To reduce friction and absorb shock.

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7
Q

List three types of connective tissue found in bones.

A

Bone tissue, cartilage, and ligaments.

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8
Q

What is the role of osteoblasts?

A

To form new bone tissue.

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9
Q

True or False: Ligaments connect muscles to bones.

A

False.

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10
Q

What is the primary function of tendons?

A

To connect muscles to bones.

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11
Q

What are the macroscopic structures of bone?

A

Diaphysis, epiphysis, and metaphysis.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of bone.

A

periosteum.

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13
Q

What type of joint is found in the knee?

A

Hinge joint.

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14
Q

Define the term ‘articular cartilage.’

A

Cartilage that covers the ends of bones in a joint.

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15
Q

What is the microscopic structure of compact bone called?

A

Osteon or Haversian system.

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16
Q

True or False: Bone marrow is responsible for the production of red blood cells.

A

True.

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17
Q

What is the main difference between compact and spongy bone?

A

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer, while spongy bone is lighter and found inside.

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18
Q

What are the small spaces in bone tissue that house osteocytes called?

A

Lacunae.

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the central canal in an osteon that contains blood vessels.

A

Haversian canal.

20
Q

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

A

To produce synovial fluid for lubrication.

21
Q

List two functions of bones.

A

Support and protection.

22
Q

What type of joint provides little to no movement?

A

Fibrous joint.

23
Q

True or False: Cartilage can regenerate quickly after injury.

A

False.

24
Q

What is the role of the epiphyseal plate?

A

To allow for bone growth in length during development.

25
Q

What type of tissue is bone classified as?

A

Connective tissue.

26
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ are the cells responsible for bone resorption.

A

Osteoclasts.

27
Q

What type of joint is the shoulder joint?

A

Ball-and-socket joint.

28
Q

Define ‘joint capsule.’

A

A fibrous tissue that encloses a joint.

29
Q

What are the two main components of bone?

A

Organic matrix and inorganic mineral.

30
Q

True or False: All joints in the body allow for a wide range of movement.

A

False.

31
Q

What is the primary component of the extracellular matrix in bone?

A

Collagen.

32
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ is the process of bone formation.

A

Ossification.

33
Q

What is the name of the fluid that lubricates joints?

A

Synovial fluid.

34
Q

What type of cartilage is found in the nose and ears?

A

Elastic cartilage.

35
Q

List two types of synovial joints.

A

Hinge and ball-and-socket joints.

36
Q

What is the term for the end of a long bone?

A

Epiphysis.

37
Q

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?

A

To support the head and protect the brain and spinal cord.

38
Q

True or False: The appendicular skeleton includes the skull.

A

False.

39
Q

What is the role of fibrocartilage?

A

To provide support and absorb shock in joints.

40
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ skeleton includes the limbs and pelvic girdle.

A

appendicular.

41
Q

What is the primary mineral found in bone?

A

Calcium phosphate.

42
Q

What is the main function of the skeletal system?

A

To provide support, protection, and movement.

43
Q

Define ‘articulation.’

A

The point where two or more bones meet.

44
Q

What is the primary purpose of the skeletal muscle?

A

To facilitate movement by contracting.

45
Q

What type of bone is primarily found in the skull?

A

Flat bone.

46
Q

True or False: Osteocytes are involved in the maintenance of bone tissue.

A

True.

47
Q

What is the role of the periosteum?

A

To protect the bone and provide a surface for muscle attachment.

AIF Remedial massage (7 decks)

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