Muscle Practical other stuff Flashcards
Agonist
prime mover
antagonist
opposes agonist
synergists
aids the agonist
fixators
immobilizes the origin of the prime mover
muscle location
some muscle names indicate the bone or body region with which the muscle is associated
example: the temporalis muscle overlies the temportal bone and intercostal muscles run between ribs
muscle shape
some muscles are named for their distinctive shapes.
examples: the deltoid muscle is roughly triangular and together the right and left trapezius muscles form a trapezoid
muscle size
terms such as maximus(largest), minimus (smallest), longus (long), and brevis (short) are often used in muscle names. example: gluteus maximus & gluteus medius
direction of muscle fibers
names of some muscles reveal the direction in which their fibers (and fascicles) run in reference to some imaginary line, usually the midline of the body or the longitudinal axis of a limb bone. ex. rectus (straight), transversus (muscle fibers run at right angles to that line) and oblique (runs obliquely) transversus abdominis, rectus femoris
origin
muscle attaches to immovable bone
insertion
muscle attaches to movable bones
hip flexion
agonists: iliopsoas & quadriceps femoris
antagonists: gluteus maximus
inhalation at rest
diaphragm & intercostals
exhalation at rest
relaxation only of diaphragm & external intercostals
forced inhalation
external intercostals, diaphragm
forced exhalation
diaphragm & external intercostals relaxed; internal intercostals and rectus abdominis
