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Book of Tables > Muscle OINA + Other information > Flashcards

Muscle OINA + Other information Flashcards

1
Q

OINA of Masseter

A

Zygomatic arch
Lateral surface of ramus of mandible
Trigeminal nerve (mandibular division)
Elevates mandible to occlude teeth

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2
Q

Origin at Temporal fossa
Inserts at Coronoid process of the mandible

MNA

A

Temporalis
Trigeminal (mandibular division)
Elevation of mandible (anterior and superior fibers) + Retraction of mandible (posterior fibers)

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3
Q

Innervated by the Trigeminal (mandibular division)
Pulls the neck of the mandible forward

MOI

A

Lateral pterygoid (2 heads)
Greater wing of sphenoid and lateral pterygoid plate
Neck of the mandible and articular disc

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4
Q

OINA of Medial pterygoid (2 heads)

A

Tuberosity of the maxilla and lateral pterygoid plate
Medial surface of the angle of the mandible
Trigeminal (mandibular division)
Elevates the mandible

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5
Q

Originates at the deep fascia over the Pectoralis Major and the Deltoid

MINA

A

Platysma
Body of the mandible and angle of the mouth
Facial nerve (cervical branch)
Depresses mandible and angle of the mouth

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6
Q

OINA of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Manubrium Sterni and medial third of the clavicle
Mastoid process of the temporal bone and occipital bone
CN 11 (spinal) and C2 and C3
Bilateral capital extension and cervical flexion + Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion and contraleral rotation

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7
Q

OINA of Anterior belly of Digastric

A

Body of the mandible
Intermediate tendon (held to the hyoid by a fascial sling)
Trigeminal (Nerve to mylohyoid)
Depresses the mandible OR elevates the hyoid

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8
Q

OINA of Posterior belly of Digastric

A

Mastoid process of the temporal bone
Intermediate tendon (held to the hyoid by a fascial sling)
Facial nerve
Depresses the mandible OR elevates the hyoid

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9
Q

Originates at the styloid process
Inserts at the body of the hyoid

MNA

A

Stylohyoid
Facial nerve
Elevates the hyoid

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10
Q

OINA of the Mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid line of the body of the mandible
Body of the hyoid and fibrous raphe
Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of mandibular nerve; CN 5)
Elevates the floor of the mouth and hyoid OR depresses the mandible

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11
Q

OINA of the Geniohyoid

A

Inferior mental spine of the mandible
Body of the hyoid bone
C1
Elevates the hyoid OR depresses the mandible

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12
Q

Originates at the Manubrium sterni
Inserts at the hyoid

MNA

A

Sternohyoid
Ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)
Depresses the hyoid

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13
Q

Originates at the Manubrium sterni
Inserts at the oblique line on lamina of the thyroid cartilage

MNA

A

Sternothyroid
Ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)
Depresses the larynx

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14
Q

OINA of the Thyrohyoid

A

Oblique line on lamina of the thyroid cartilage
Lower border of the hyoid
C1
Depresses the hyoid OR elevates the larynx

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15
Q

Inferior or Superior Digastric?

Originates at the lower border of the body of the hyoid

A

Superior

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16
Q

Inferior or Superior Digastric?

Originates at the upper margin of the scapula and suprascapular ligament

A

Inferior

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17
Q

Inferior or Superior Digastric?

Innervated by the Ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)

A

Both

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18
Q

The Inferior and Superior Digastric insert to an intermediate tendon held by a fascial sling where?

A

To the clavicle and first rib

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19
Q

Common action of the Inferior and Superior Digastric

A

Depresses the hyoid

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20
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Originates at the transverse processes of the upper six cervical vertebrae

A

Scalenus medius

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21
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Inserts at the 1st rib

A

Scalenus anterior and Scalenus medius

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22
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Originates at the transverse processes of the lower cervical vertebrae

A

Scalenus posterior

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23
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Originates at the transverse processes of the 3rd to 6th cervical vertebrae

A

Scalenus anterior

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24
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Innervated by the Anterior rami of cervical nerves

A

Scalenus medius and Scalenus posterior

note: Scalenus anterior is specified to be innervated by C4, C5, and C6

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25
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Elevates the first rib

A

Scalenus anterior and Scalenus medius

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26
Q

Which Scalene muscle/s?

Elevates the second rib

A

Scalenus posterior

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27
Q

Common action of ALL the scalenes

A

Ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation

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28
Q

Muscles that dampen vibrations (sound)

A

Tensor Tympani (at the tympanic membrane), Stapedius (at the Stapes)

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29
Q

OIN of the Tensor Tympani

A

Wall of the auditory tube and wall of its own canal
Handle of the malleus
Trigeminal nerve (mandibular division)

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30
Q

OIN of the Stapedius

A

Pyramid (bony projection on the posterior wall of the middle ear)
Neck of the Stapes
Facial nerve

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31
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the tongue and their OINA

A 
Longitudinal, Transverse, and Vertical muscle fibers
Median Septum and submucosa
Mucous membrane
Hypoglossal nerve
Alters the shape of the tongue
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32
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

Glossus muscles (Palatoglossus, Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, and Styloglossus)

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33
Q

Which extrinsic tongue muscle?

Originates the the Superior genial spine of the mandible
Protrudes the apex of the tongue through the mouth

A

Genioglossus

Insertion via blending with other tongue muscles
Innervation by CN 12

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34
Q

Which extrinsic tongue muscle?

Originates at the body and Greater cornu of the hyoid
Depresses the tongue

A

Hyoglossus

Insertion via blending with other tongue muscles
Innervation by CN 12

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35
Q

Which extrinsic tongue muscle?

Originates at the Styloid process of the temporal bone
Draws the tongue backward and upward

A

Styloglossus

Insertion via blending with other tongue muscles
Innervation by CN 12

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36
Q

OINA of the Palatoglossus

A

Palatine aponeurosis
Side of the tongue
Pharyngeal plexus
Pulls the roots of the tongue upward and backward + narrows the oropharyngeal isthmus

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37
Q

OIN of the External Oblique

A

Lower eight ribs
Xiphoid process, Linea alba, Pubic crest, Pubic tubercle, and Iliac crest
Lower six thoracic nerves and Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal (L1) nerves

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38
Q

OIN of the Internal Oblique

A

Lumbar fascia, Iliac crest, Lateral two-thirds of the Inguinal ligament
Lower three ribs and costal cartilages, Xiphoid process, Linea alba, and Symphysis Pubis
Lower six thoracic nerves, and Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal (L1) nerves

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39
Q

Common action of the Internal and External Obliques

A

Supports and compresses the abdominal contents
Assists in flexing and rotating the trunk
Assists in forced expiration, micturition, defecation, parturition, and vomiting

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40
Q

Fiber orientation of the Internal and External Obliques, and its effect on their rotation, lateral flexion, and flexion

A

EVIA
External: V-shaped
Internal: A-shaped

Unilaterally: trunk rotation (ipsilateral internal, contralateral external)
Bilaterally: trunk flexion

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41
Q

OINA of the Transversus

A

Lower six costal cartilages, Lumbar fascia, Iliac crest, Lateral third of the Inguinal ligament
Xiphoid process, Linea alba, Symphysis Pubis
Lower six thoracic nerves, and Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal (L1) nerves
Compresses the abdominal contents

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42
Q

OINA of the Rectus Abdominis

A

Symphysis pubis and Pubic crest
5th, 6th, 7th, costal cartilages and Xiphoid process
Lower six thoracic nerves
Compresses the abdominal contents + flexes the vertebral column + accessory muscle of expiration

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43
Q

Muscle of the anterior abdominal wall that may or may not be present, and serves to tense the Linea alba

A

Pyramidalis

Originates at the anterior surface of the Pubis
Inserts at the Linea alba
Innervated by the 12th thoracic nerve

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44
Q

Difference in the Origin and Innervation of the Pectoralis Major and Minor muscles

A

Pectoralis Major
Origin at the clavicle, sternum, and upper six costal cartilages
Innervated by the Medial and Lateral Pectoral nerves (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1; major: C6, C7, C8)

Pectoralis Minor
Origin at the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs
Innervated by the Medial Pectoral nerve (C6, C7, C8; major: C7)

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45
Q

IA of the Pectoralis Major

A

Lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

Adducts the arm + IR of the arm + flexes the arm (clavicular fibers) (FAdIR)

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46
Q

IA of the Pectoralis Minor

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

Depresses the point of the shoulder + Elevates the ribs of origin if the scapula is fixed

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47
Q

OINA of the Subclavius

A

1st costal cartilage
Clavicle
Nerve to Subclavius from the upper trunk (C5, C6; major: C5)
Depresses the clavicle + steadies the clavicle during movements of the shoulder girdle

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48
Q

OINA of the Serratus Anterior

A

Upper eight ribs
Medial border and Inferior angle of the scapula
Long Thoracic Nerve (C5, C6, C7; major: C6, C7)
Draws the scapula forward and anterior around the thoracic wall + rotates the scapula

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49
Q

Common origin of the Trapezius muscle fibers

A

Occipital bone, Ligamentum nuchae, Spine of C7, Spines of T1 - T12

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50
Q

Upper, Middle, or Lower Trapezius muscle fibers?

Inserts at the lateral third of the clavicle

A

Upper fibers

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51
Q

Upper, Middle, or Lower Trapezius muscle fibers?

Inserts at the acromion and spine of the scapula

A

Middle and Lower fibers

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52
Q

Common Innervation of the Trapezius muscle fibers

A

CN 11 (spinal part) for motor; C3 and C4 for sensory

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53
Q

Upper, Middle, or Lower Trapezius muscle fibers?

Elevates the scapula

A

Upper fibers

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54
Q

Upper, Middle, or Lower Trapezius muscle fibers?

Pulls the scapula medially

A

Middle fibers

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55
Q

Upper, Middle, or Lower Trapezius muscle fibers?

Pulls the medial border of the scapula downward

A

Lower fibers

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56
Q

Large muscle that originates at the Iliac crest, Lumbar fascia, spines of the lower six thoracic vertebrae, lower three or four ribs, and inferior angle of the scapula

INA

A

Latissimus Dorsi

Inserts at the floor of the bicipital groove of the humerus
Innervated by the Thoracodorsal nerve from the Posterior cord (C6, C7, C8; major: C7)
Extension, Adduction, and IR of the arm (ExAdIR)

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57
Q

OINA of the Levator Scapulae

A

Transverse process of the first four cervical vertebrae
Medial border of the scapula
Dorsal Scapular nerve, and C3 and C4
Raises the medial border of the scapula

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58
Q

The Rhomboids muscles differ only in?

a. Origin
b. Insertion
c. Nerve supply
d. Action

A

a. Origin

Rhomboid Minor originates at the Ligamentum nuchae and spines of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae

Rhomboid Major originates at the 2nd to 5th thoracic spines

Note: Insertion may be answered as long as it is specified where along the medial border of the scapula the Rhomboids are inserted (but according to Snell, it is just the medial border of the scapula)

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59
Q

Common INA of the Rhomboids

A

Medial border of the scapula (Rhomboid Minor lies superiorly)
Dorsal Scapular nerve and C4 (major: C4)
Raises the medial border of the scapula upward and medially

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60
Q

OIN of the Deltoids

A

Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula
Middle of the lateral surface of the shaft of the humerus (Deltoid tubercle)
Axillary nerve (C5, C6; major: C5)

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61
Q

Anterior or Posterior Deltoid muscle fibers?

Abducts the arm

A

Both

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62
Q

Anterior or Posterior Deltoid muscle fibers?

Medially rotates the arm

A

Anterior

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63
Q

Anterior or Posterior Deltoid muscle fibers?

Extends the arm

A

Posterior

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64
Q

Anterior or Posterior Deltoid muscle fibers?

Externally rotates the arm

A

Posterior

65
Q

Anterior or Posterior Deltoid muscle fibers?

Internally rotates the arm

A

Anterior

66
Q

OINA of the Supraspinatus

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Greater tuberosity of the humerus and GH joint capsule
Suprascapular nerve from Upper trunk (C4, C5, C6; major C5)
Abducts the arm + stabilizes the shoulder joint

67
Q

Muscles that Insert at the Greater tuberosity of the humerus (and capsule of the shoulder joint)

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor

68
Q

ONA of the Infraspinatus

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Suprascapular nerve from Upper trunk (C4, C5, C6; major C5)
ER of the arm + stabilizes the shoulder joint

69
Q

OINA of the Subscapularis

A

Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Lesser tuberosity of the humerus
Upper and Lower Subscapular nerves from the Posterior cord (C5, C6, C7; major: C6)
IR of the arm + stabilizes the shoulder joint

70
Q

ONA of the Teres Minor

A 
Upper two thirds of the lateral border of the scapula
Axillary nerve (C4, C5, C6; major: C5)
Er of the arm + stabilizes the shoulder joint
71
Q

OINA of the Teres Major

A

Lower third of the lateral border of the scapula
Medial lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus
Lower subscapular nerve (C6, C7; major C6)
IR of the arm + Adducts the arm + stabilization of the shoulder joint

72
Q

Internal rotators of the arm

A 
Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi
Subscapularis
Teres Major
Anterior Deltoid
73
Q

External rotators of the arm

A

Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Posterior Deltoid

74
Q

Muscles of the Anterior compartment of the arm

A

Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

75
Q

Muscles of the Posterior compartment of the arm

A

Triceps

76
Q

The heads of the Biceps Brachii differ only in?

a. Origin
b. Insertion
c. Nerve supply
d. Action

A

a. Origin
The Long head originates at the Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

The Short head originates at the Coracoid process of the scapula

77
Q

Common INA of the Biceps Brachii heads

A 
Tuberosity of the radius and Bicipital apneurosis into the deep fascia of the forearm
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6; major: C6)
Elbow flexion + Forearm supination + Weak shoulder flexion
78
Q

OINA of the Coracobrachialis

A

Coracoid process of the scapula
Medial aspect of the shaft of the humerus
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7; major: C6)
Shoulder flexion + Weak shoulder adduction

79
Q

OINA of the Brachialis

A

Front and lower half of the humerus
Coronoid process of the ulna
Musculocutanous nerve (C5, C6; major: C6)
Elbow flexion

80
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Innervated by the Radial Nerve (C6, C7, C8; major: C8)

A

All

81
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Extends the elbow

A

All

82
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Originates at the Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

A

Long head

83
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Originates at the Upper half of the posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus

A

Lateral head

84
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Originates at the Lower half of the posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus

A

Medial head

85
Q

Long, Medial, or Lateral head of the Triceps?

Inserts at the Olecranon process of the Ulna

A

All

86
Q

Pelvic Floor muscles

A

PIC
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus
Coccygeus

The Levator Ani is composed of the Pubo- and Iliococcygeus, along with the Puborectalis muscles

87
Q

Lateral rotator group of the thigh; Also known as?

A 
Red Carpet Muscles
Gemellus (superior and inferior)
Obturator (internus and externus)
Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
88
Q

OINA of the Piriformis

A

Front of the sacrum
Greater trochanter of the femur
Sacral plexus
Hip ER

Piriformis = “pear-shaped”

89
Q

OINA of the Quadratus Femoris

A

Lateral border of the Ischial tuberosity
Quadrate tubercle of the femur
Sacral plexus (L5, S1)
Hip ER

90
Q

OINA of the Obturator Internus

A

Inner Surface of the Obturator membrane
Upper border of the Greater trochanter of the femur
Sacral plexus (L5, S1; major: S1)
Hip ER

91
Q

OINA of the Obturator Externus

A

Outer surface of the Obturator membrane and Pubic and Ischial rami
Medial surface of the Greater trochanter
Obturator nerve (L3, L4; major: L4)
Hip ER

92
Q

OINA of the Gemellus Superior

A

Spine of the Ischium
Upper border of the Greater trochanter of the femur
Sacral plexus (L5, S1)
Hip ER

93
Q

OINA of the Gemellus Inferior

A

Ischial tuberosity
Upper border of the Greater trochanter of the femur
Sacral plexus (L5, S1)
Hip ER

94
Q

OIN of the Gluteus Maximus

A

Outer surface if the Ilium, Sacrum, and Coccyx; Sacrotuberous ligament
Iliotibial tract of the Gluteal tuberosity of the femur
Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2; major: S1, S2)

95
Q

Superior or Inferior fibers of the Gluteus Maximus?

Hip Abduction

A

Superior fibers

96
Q

Superior or Inferior fibers of the Gluteus Maximus?

Hip Adduction

A

Inferior fibers

97
Q

Superior or Inferior fibers of the Gluteus Maximus?

Hip Extension and ER; maintains knee extension via the ITB

A

Both

98
Q

OIN of the Gluteus Medius

A

Outer surface of the Ilium
Lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
Superior Gluteal nerve (L5, S1; major: L5)

99
Q

Anterior or Posterior fibers of the Gluteus Medius?

Hip IR

A

Anterior fibers

100
Q

Anterior or Posterior fibers of the Gluteus Medius?

Hip ER

A

Posterior fibers

101
Q

Anterior or Posterior fibers of the Gluteus Medius?

Hip abduction + stabilization of the pelvis

A

Both

Stabilization of the pelvis occurs during ambulation, wherein the contralateral Gluteus medius tilts the side of the pelvis of the swing limb upward for LE clearance

102
Q

OINA of the Gluteus Minimus

A

Outer surface of the Ilium
Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
Superior Gluteal nerve (L5, S1; major: L5)
Hip abduction + Hip ER

According to Snell, participates in pelvic stabilization during ambulation as well

103
Q

OINA of the Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

Iliac crest
Iliotibial tract
Superior Gluteal nerve (L4, L5; major L4)
Assists the Gluteus Maximus in extending the knee joint + Hip Flexion + Hip Abduction + Hip IR (FAbIR)

104
Q

OINA of the Sartorius

A

Anterior superior iliac spine
Upper medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Hip flexion + Hip Abduction + Hip ER (Hip FAbER); Knee flexion + Knee IR (Knee FIR)

105
Q

Iliacus

A

Iliac fossa of the hip bone
Lesser trochanter of the femur (with Psoas)
Femoral nerve (L2, L3; major L2)
Flexes the thigh on the trunk OR flexes the trunk on the thigh if the thigh is fixed

106
Q

Psoas

A 
Transverse processes, intervertebral  discs, and vertebral bodies of vertebrae T12 - L5
Lesser trochanter of the femur (with Iliacus)
Lumbar Plexus (L1, L2, L3; major L1, L2) (Femoral nerve)
Flexes the thigh on the trunk OR flexes the trunk on the thigh if the thigh is fixed

Psoas muscle = “muscle of the loins”

107
Q

Most consistent hip flexor?

A

Iliacus

108
Q

The only hip flexor that retains its function beyond 90 degrees of hip flexion?

A

Psoas

109
Q

OINA of the Pectineus

A

Superior ramus of the Pubis
Upper end of the Linea Aspera of the femur (Pectineal line)
Femoral nerve (L2, L3; major L2)
Hip Flexion + Hip Adduction

Pectineus = “pecten” = comb

110
Q

Muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius

*Tensor Vastus Intermedius (TVI) (discovered 2016)

111
Q

Difference in the origin of the heads of the Rectus Femoris

A

Straight head: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

Reflected head: Ilium above the acetabulum

112
Q

Common insertion and nerve supply of the Quadriceps Femoris

A 
Quadriceps tendon into the patella; then the Ligamentum Patellae into the Tubercle of the Tibia
Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4; major: L3, L4)
113
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Originates at the upper end and shaft of the femur

A

Vastus Lateralis and Medialis

114
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Originates at the anterior and lateral surfaces of the shaft of the femur

A

Vastus Intermedius

115
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Extends the knee

A

All

116
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Additional function of flexing the thigh

A

Rectus Femoris

117
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Additional function of stabilizing the patella. What is this structure?

A

Vastus Medialis; VMO (Vastus Medialis Obliquus)

118
Q

Which among the Quadriceps?

Additional function of retracting the synovial membrane of the knee. What is this structure?

A

Vastus Intermedius; Articularis Genus

119
Q

Pes Anserine muscles

A

“Sergeant” muscles (SGT)
Sartorius
Gracilis
SemiTendinosus

120
Q

Common insertion of the Pes Anserine muscles

A

Medial side of the upper tibia

121
Q

OINA of the Gracilis

A

Inferior ramus of the pubis and ramus of the ischium
Upper part of the shaft of the tibia on the medial surface
Obturator nerve (L2, L3; major L2)
Hip Adduction + Knee flexion

122
Q

OINA of the Adductor Longus

A

Body of the Pubis (medial to the pubic tubercle)
Posterior surface of the shaft of the femur (Linea Aspera)
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4; major: L3, L4)
Hip Adduction + assists in Hip ER

123
Q

OINA of the Adductor Brevis

A

Inferior ramus of the Pubis
Posterior surface of the shaft of the femur (Linea Aspera)
Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4; major: L3, L4)
Hip Adduction + assists in Hip ER

124
Q

OINA of the Adductor Magnus

A

Adductor portion: Inferior ramus of the Pubis and Ramus of the Ischium
Hamstring portion: Ischial tuberosity

Adductor portion: Posterior surface of the shaft of the femur
Hamstring portion: Adductor tubercle of the femur

Adductor portion: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4; major: L3, L4)
Hamstring portion: Tibial nerve

Adductor portion: Hip Adduction + assists in Hip ER
Hamstring portion: assists in Hip Extension

125
Q

Muscles of the Hamstrings

A

Biceps femoris (long and short head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus)

126
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Originates at the Ischial tuberosity

A

Long head

127
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Originates at the Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge of the shaft of the femur

A

Short head

128
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Inserts at the head of the fibula

A

Both heads

129
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Innervated by the Tibial nerve (via Sciatic nerve) (L5, S1, S2; major: S1)

A

Long head

130
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Innervated by the Common Peroneal nerve (via Sciatic) (L5, S1, S2; major: S1)

A

Short head

131
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Hip extension

A

Long head

132
Q

Long or short head of the Biceps Femoris?

Knee flexion + Knee ER

A

Both heads

133
Q

OINA of the Semitendinosus

A

Ischial tuberosity
Upper part of the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
Tibial nerve (via Sciatic) (L5, S1, S2; major L5, S1)
Hip extension + Knee flexion + Knee IR

134
Q

OINA of the Semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity
Medial condyle of the tibia
Tibial nerve (via Sciatic) (L5, S1, S2; major L5, S1)
Hip extension + Knee flexion + Knee IR

135
Q

Muscle that originates at the lateral surface of the shaft of the tibia, and inserts at the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal

MNA

A

Tibialis anterior

Innervated by the Deep Peroneal nerve (L4, L5; major: L4)
Ankle DF + STTT Inversion + hold up the MLA

136
Q

Muscle that originates at the anterior surface of the shaft of the fibula, and inserts at the extensor expansion of the lateral four toes

MNA

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL)

Innervated by the Deep Peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
Toe extension + Ankle DF

137
Q

Muscle that is innervated by the Deep Peroneal nerve (L5, S1), and acts to dorsiflex the ankle and evert the foot

MOI

A

Peroneus Tertius

Originates at the anterior surface of the shaft of the fibula
Inserts at the base of the 5th metatarsal

138
Q

Muscle that originates at the anterior surface of the shaft of the fibula, and inserts at the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

MNA

A

Extensor Hallucis Longus (EHL)

Innervated by the Deep Peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
Great toe extension + Ankle DF + STTT Inversion

139
Q

OINA of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

Calcaneum
Four tendons into the proximal phalanx of the big toe and long extensor tendons to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes
Deep Peroneal nerve (S1, S2)
Toe extension

140
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Originates at the lateral surface of the shaft of the fibular

A

Both

141
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Inserts at the base of the 1st metatarsal and the medial cuneiform

A

Peroneus Longus

142
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Inserts at the base of the 5th metatarsal

A

Peroneus Brevis

143
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Innervated by the Superficial Peroneal nerve (L5, S1, S2; major: L5, S1)

A

Both

144
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Additional function of supporting the Transverse arch

A

Peroneus Longus

145
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis

Additional function of supporting the LLA

A

Both

146
Q

Peroneus Longus or Brevis?

Ankle PF + STTT Eversion

A

Both

147
Q

OINA of the Gastrocnemius muscles

A

Lateral head: Lateral condyle of the femur
Medial head: Medial condyle of the femur

Achilles tendon into the posterior aspect of the calcaneum
Tibial nerve (S1, S2; major: S1)
Ankle PF + Knee flexion
148
Q

OINA of the Plantaris

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur
Posterior surface of the calcaneum
Tibial nerve (S1, S2; major: S1)
Ankle PF + Knee flexion

149
Q

OINA of the Soleus

A

Shaft of the tibia and fibula
Achilles tendon into the posterior aspect of the calcaneum
Tibial nerve (S1, S2; major: S2)
Ankle PF

Provides the propulsive force in walking and running together with the Gastrocnemius

150
Q

OINA of the Popliteus

A

Lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur
Posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia above the Soleal line
Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Knee flexion + Unlocks the knee in the Screw-Home mechanism (Femoral ER in CKC or Tibial IR in OKC)

Popliteus is also known as the “Key of the Knee”

151
Q

OINA of the Tibialis Posterior

A

Posterior surface of the shafts of the tibia and fibula, and interosseus membrane
Tuberosity of the Navicular bone and other neighboring bones
Tibial nerve (L4, L5)
Ankle PF + STTT Inversion + Supports the MLA

152
Q

Muscle that originates at the posterior surface of the shaft of the tibia, and inserts at the bases of the distal phalanges of the lateral four toes

MNA

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL)

Innervated by the Tibial nerve (S2, S3; major: S2)
Toe flexion (DIP of lateral four toes) + Ankle PF + Supports the MLA and LLA
153
Q

Muscle that originates at the posterior surface of the fibula, and inserts at the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe

MNA

A

Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL)

Innervated by the Tibial nerve (S2, S3; major: S2)
Great toe flexion (DIP) + Ankle PF + Supports the MLA

154
Q

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh

A 
Quadriceps Femoris (Rectus Femoris and Vastus muscles)
Sartorius
Iliacus
Psoas
Pectineus
155
Q

Muscles of the Medial Compartment of the Thigh

A

Gracilis
Obturator Externus
Adductor muscles (Longus, Brevis, Magnus (Adductor part))

156
Q

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Thigh

A 
Hamstring muscles (Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus)
Hamstring part of the Adductor Magnus
157
Q

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Leg

A 
Tibialis Anterior
Peroneus Tertius
EDL
EDB
EHL
158
Q

Muscles of the Lateral Compartment of the Leg

A

Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Brevis

159
Q

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Leg

A 
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Tibialis Posterior
Popliteus
FDL
FHL

Book of Tables (14 decks)

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