Muscle OINA Flashcards
serratus posterior superior
O: ligamentum nuchea and SP C7-T3
I: ribs 2-5
N: first 4 thoracic nerves (ventral primary rami)
A: to elevate the first 4 ribs to help increase thoracic volume
serratus posterior inferior
O: the SP of T11- L2
I: the inferior 3-4 ribs
N: the last 4 thoracic nerves (ventral primary rami)
A: Depress the last four ribs (present the diaphragm from moving superiorly
what are the superficial, intermediate and deep layers of the intrinsic muscles of the back
Superficial: splenius (capitis and cervicis)
Intermediate: Erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis)
Deep: semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores
splenius capitis
in the superficial intrinsic deep back muscle layer
O: ligamentum nuchea and SP C7-T3
I: mastoid process occipital bone
N: dorsal primary rami
A: bilaterally, extend the head and neck. Unilaterally, it will laterally flex and rotate the head ipsilaterally
Splenius cervicis
O: the SP T3-T6
I: TP C1-C4
N: dorsal primary rami
A: bilaterally, extend the head and neck. Unilaterally, it will laterally flex and rotate the head ipsilaterally
what is the innervation and the role of the muscles in the superficial layer of the intrinsic muscles of the back
dorsal primary rami and the actions are to
Bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Unilaterally: ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation
what two muscles originate on the ligamentum nuchea and C7-T3 SP
the splenius capitis and the serratus posterior superior
what is the common origin of the intermediate layer of the intrinsic back muscles
the erector spinae all seem to originate from the iliac crest, the sacrum, the sacroiliac ligament and the inferior lumbar and sacral SP’s
common innervation and action of the intermediate intrinsic layer muscles
innervation would be the dorsal primary rami
action:
bilaterally, extend the column
unilaterally: ipsilateral lateral flexion
three layers of the intermediate intrinsic layer
the erector spinae have the following layers
- iliocostalis (most lateral)
- longissimus
- spinalis (most medial)
describe the locations of the three subunits of the most lateral segment of the intermediate intrinsic layer muscles
so, the erector spinae most lateral is the iliocostalis. The three layers are the lumborum, thoracis and the cervicis.
- the lumborum goes from the iliac crest, and attaches to the inferior 6 ribs
- the thoracis goes from the 6 lower ribs to the 6 upper ribs
- the cervicis goes from the upper 6 ribs to the TP of the lower vert (C4-C6)
describe the locations of the three subunits of the middle segment of the intermediate intrinsic layer muscles
the middle layer is the longissimus which has the thoracis, cervicis and capitis
- the thoracis goes from the lower lumbar SP’s and the sacrum and inserts on the lower 9 ribs with their associated TP’s
- the cervicis goes from the TP T1-4/6 and inserts on the TP C2-6
- the capitis goes from lower 4 cervical vertebrate to the mastoid process on the temporal bone
what muscles attach on the mastoid process
the splenius capitis and the longissimus capitis
Spinalis O and I
O: SP T11-L1
I: SP upper 4-8 Thoracic vertebrate
what is another name for the deep intrinsic muscles and why? what are the number of groups and names
the transversospinalis group. they go from the TP to the SP of the vertebrate
semispinalis, multifidus and the rotatores
the semispinalis has three groups
-names and OINA
Where is this group most developed
thoracis, cervicis and the capitis (which goes from TP T1-T6 and inserts on the occiput)
N: dorsal primary rami
A: capitis
-bilaterally: extends the head
-unilaterally: ipsilateral head rotation
most developed in the c-spine
multifidus
-where (which spinal segments)
-where is it most prominent
OINA
in the deep layer from C2 to S4
most prominent and topical in the lumbar
O: vertebral arches I: SP (spanning 1-3 spaces) N: dorsal rami A: bilaterally: extend the column unilaterally: ipsilateral lateral flexion and contralateral rotation
rotatores
-found
-observable where
OINA and function too
found along the entire length
O: from TP
I: base of the SP to the superior vertebrate
N: dorsal rami
A: contralateral rotation
function: proprioception
Muscles of the Sub-occipital region
rectus capitis posterior major
rectus capitis posterior minor
obliquus capitis inferior
obliquus capitis superior
Rectus capitis posterior major
O: SP C2 I: occipital bone N: suboccipital nerve A: bilateral head extension unilateral ipsilateral rotation
Rectus capitis posterior minor
O: posterior arch of C1
I: occipital bone
N: suboccipital nerve
A: Bilateral extend the head and unilateral ipsilateral rotation
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
O: SP C2
I: TP C1
N: suboccipital nerve
A: rotate head ipsilaterally
Obliquus Capitis Superior
O: TP C1
I: occipital bone
N: suboccipital nerve
A: bilaterally extend the head and unilaterally lateral flexion of the head ipsilaterally
which of the sub occipital muscles do not attach to the occipital bone
the obliquus capitis inferior
Boundaries of the occipital triangle and contents
Superior medial: the rectus capitis posterior major
Superiolateral: obliquus capitis superior
Inferior: obliquus capitis inferior
the vertebral artery and the sub-occipital nerve
which direction do the fibers of the external intercostals run. where is it membranous and where is it muscular
they run anteriorly and inferiorly
membranous in the front by the costal cartilages
which direction do the fibers of the internal intercostals run. where is it membranous and where is it muscular
they run obliquely at right angles to that of the external intercostal fibers
muscular in the front, membranous in the back
which direction do the fibers of the innermost intercostals run. where is it membranous and where is it muscular
they run like the internal however it is muscular in the middle and membranous both anteriorly and posteriorly
where do the intercostal arteries and nerves run
between the internal and innermost intercostals
subcostal muscles
-run in the same direction as…
run in the same direction as the internal intercostals.
from the internal surface of the rib at the angle to the internal surface of a rib below (2 intercostal spaces)
transverse thoracis
from the xiphoid and sternum to span superiorly and laterally to the 2-6 costal cartilages
Levatores Costorum
-how many
12
from the TP C7-T11
attach on the ribs
what are the intercostal nerves (what kind of rami)
first 11 vs the 12th
ventral primary rami
the first 11 are thoracic spinal nerves, and the 12th is the subcostal nerve
each intercostal space is supplied by a large ____ arising from the aorta, and a small _____ from the ____
posterior intercostal artery from the aorta and a small anterior intercostal artery from the internal thoracic artery
what does the internal thoracic artery arise from
the subclavian
