Muscle names, origins and insertion Flashcards
anterior muscle role
produce flexion
Posterior muscle role
extension
lateral muscle role
abduction
medial muscle role
adduction
Pennate muscle fascicle arrangement
one or more tendons extending through body. Large feather like oblique angled arrangements of fascicles. 3 types (Multipenate, bipennate and unipennate)
Parallel and fusiform
strap like.
Fusiform is a modification of parallel muscle. Forms a belly
Convergent muscle
wide spread muscle fascicles that converge on a common attachment site. Single tendon, slander band of collagen fibres or tendon sheath attachment site. Direction of its contraction can be modified
Circular
contraction decreases the diameter of passageway
What are the categories of head muscles
2 categories
Facial
Chewing
Name the 6 facial muscles and their roles
Frontalis – Allows rising of eyebrows and wrinkle of forehead
Occipitalis – covers posterior part, pulls skull back.
Orbicularis oculi – close eyes, blink, wink, squint
Orbicularis oris – closes mouth, protrudes lips
Buccinator muscle – blowing or whistling, chewing (holds food within teeth)
Zygomaticus – raises corner of mouth
Name the 2 chewing muscles
Masseter – elevates mandible and closes jaw
Temporalis – Inserts into the mandible and acts as a synergist to close jaw
Name the 2 neck muscles
Platysma – Covers anterior lateral neck. Pull down the corner of the mouth
Sternocleidomastoid – arise from sternum and clavicle. Fuse before attachment into mastoid process of temporal bones. Flex your neck (bowing your neck). Both muscles need to contract.
Anterior Superficial trunk and arm muscles - 6
Pectoralis major Rectus abdominis External oblique Biceps brachii Brachialis Deltoid
Muscles of the posterior head, neck, trunk and arm - 4
Occipitalis
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Deltoid
Deep muscles of the back
Erector spinae - iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
Quadratus lumborum
Muscles of the glenohumeral joints
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and major, subscapularis,
coracobrachialis
Muscles of the elbow joint
Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Brachio radialis
Triceps brachii - posterior (antagonist)
Abdominal muscles
Rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, internal and external oblique
Muscles of the shoulder girdle
Pectoralis minor (anterior) and serratus anterior
Deltoid
Rhomboid minor and major
Trapezius
Muscles of the forearm
Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Posterior: Extensor carpi radialis Extensor digitorum
Muscles of the hip
Illiopsoas - illiacus and psoas major
Muscles of the anterior thigh
Adductor muscles
Sartorius
Quadriceps group - vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis, ractus femoris
Muscles of the posterior thigh
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius and minimus
Hamstring muscles
Biceps femoris,
semitendinosus,
semimembranosus
Muscles of the ankle and toes
Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis anterior Fibularis - longus, brevis and tertius Extensor digitorum longus
What is the origin, insertion and primary action of head and neck muscles?
Answer in lecture notes
