Muscle names, origins and insertion Flashcards

1
Q

anterior muscle role

A

produce flexion

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2
Q

Posterior muscle role

A

extension

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3
Q

lateral muscle role

A

abduction

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4
Q

medial muscle role

A

adduction

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5
Q

Pennate muscle fascicle arrangement

A

one or more tendons extending through body. Large feather like oblique angled arrangements of fascicles. 3 types (Multipenate, bipennate and unipennate)

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6
Q

Parallel and fusiform

A

strap like.

Fusiform is a modification of parallel muscle. Forms a belly

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7
Q

Convergent muscle

A

wide spread muscle fascicles that converge on a common attachment site. Single tendon, slander band of collagen fibres or tendon sheath attachment site. Direction of its contraction can be modified

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8
Q

Circular

A

contraction decreases the diameter of passageway

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9
Q

What are the categories of head muscles

A

2 categories
Facial
Chewing

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10
Q

Name the 6 facial muscles and their roles

A

Frontalis – Allows rising of eyebrows and wrinkle of forehead
Occipitalis – covers posterior part, pulls skull back.
Orbicularis oculi – close eyes, blink, wink, squint
Orbicularis oris – closes mouth, protrudes lips
Buccinator muscle – blowing or whistling, chewing (holds food within teeth)
Zygomaticus – raises corner of mouth

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11
Q

Name the 2 chewing muscles

A

Masseter – elevates mandible and closes jaw

Temporalis – Inserts into the mandible and acts as a synergist to close jaw

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12
Q

Name the 2 neck muscles

A

Platysma – Covers anterior lateral neck. Pull down the corner of the mouth
Sternocleidomastoid – arise from sternum and clavicle. Fuse before attachment into mastoid process of temporal bones. Flex your neck (bowing your neck). Both muscles need to contract.

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13
Q

Anterior Superficial trunk and arm muscles - 6

A
Pectoralis major
Rectus abdominis 
External oblique 
Biceps brachii 
Brachialis 
Deltoid
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14
Q

Muscles of the posterior head, neck, trunk and arm - 4

A

Occipitalis
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Deltoid

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15
Q

Deep muscles of the back

A

Erector spinae - iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Quadratus lumborum

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16
Q

Muscles of the glenohumeral joints

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and major, subscapularis,
coracobrachialis

17
Q

Muscles of the elbow joint

A

Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Brachio radialis
Triceps brachii - posterior (antagonist)

18
Q

Abdominal muscles

A

Rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, internal and external oblique

19
Q

Muscles of the shoulder girdle

A

Pectoralis minor (anterior) and serratus anterior
Deltoid
Rhomboid minor and major
Trapezius

20
Q

Muscles of the forearm

A
Flexor carpi radialis 
Flexor carpi ulnaris 
Flexor digitorum superficialis 
Posterior: 
Extensor carpi radialis 
Extensor digitorum
21
Q

Muscles of the hip

A

Illiopsoas - illiacus and psoas major

22
Q

Muscles of the anterior thigh

A

Adductor muscles
Sartorius
Quadriceps group - vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis, ractus femoris

23
Q

Muscles of the posterior thigh

A

Gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius and minimus

24
Q

Hamstring muscles

A

Biceps femoris,
semitendinosus,
semimembranosus

25
Q

Muscles of the ankle and toes

A
Gastrocnemius 
Soleus 
Tibialis anterior 
Fibularis - longus, brevis and tertius
Extensor digitorum longus
26
Q

What is the origin, insertion and primary action of head and neck muscles?

A

Answer in lecture notes