Muscle Fibres Flashcards
Characteristics of Type 1 Oxidative fibres
- resistant to fatigue
- red in colour
- slow twitch
- slow contraction speed 110 m/s
- low force produced
Characteristics of Type lla Fast oxidative Glycolytic
- more prone to fatigue than type llb
- pink in colour
- fast contraction speed 50 m/s
- large force produced
Characteristics of type llb Glycolytic
- fatigues fast
- white in colour
- fast contraction 50 m/s
- large force produced
What sports are Type 1 slow oxidative best suited to
- any endurance events
- marathon running
- field sports like netball, hockey, football
What sports are Type lla fast oxidative Glycolytic best suited to
- sports that require a longer working period e.g. football when sprinting for the ball
- boxing as there are many rounds but the motions are explosive
What sports are Type llb fast Glycolytic best suited to
- sprinting 100m
Which type of fibres have the fastest contraction time
- type lla and type llb both have a contraction time of 50 m/s
- type 1 are slower with 110 m/s
What colour are all of the muscle fibres
- type 1 = red
- type lla =pink
- type 11b = white
What happens type of muscle fibre produces the least amount of force
Type 1
What mitochondria density does each fibre have
Type 1 - high
Type 11a - medium
Type11b - low
What level on myoglobin content does each fibre have
Type 1 - high
Type 11a - medium
Type11b - low
What level of capillary density does each fibre have
Type 1 - high
Type 11a - medium
Type11b - low
What level of aerobic capacity does each fibre have
Type 1 - very high
Type 11a - medium
Type11b - low
Latent period
Events of excitation - contraction coupling; no muscle tension
- when the motor unit is first stimulated and not contracting
Period of contraction
- cross bridge formation - tension increases
- The muscle contracts quickly
Relaxation period
When tension declines to 0 very gradually
Wave summation
- Where the muscle partially relaxes and contracts again before its fully relaxed
- this will produce a second stronger contraction
Infused tetanus
Titanic contraction
- when the muscle is stimulated at a higher frequency
- This means that the muscle does not have time to relax
- This means the muscle contraction will get stronger and stronger until it reaches maximum
What does a motor unit consist of
- spinal cord
- motor nerve
- axons of motoneurons
- muscle fibres
- motoneuron axon
How do you muscles exert different amounts of force or tension.
Large muscle fibres can be recruited And more motor Units can be activated to create more power. And vice versa for less power
What is the all or none rule
The motoneurons either contract the bundle of muscle fibres or they don’t there is no in between where they can partially contract.
what is the CRAG technique
A stretching technique
Contract - relax - antagonist - contract
What are muscle spindles
- Proprioceptor is that are located between the muscle fibres
- detect how far and fast the muscles are being stretched
- When the central nervous system receives the signal that the muscles are stretching it causes a reflex for the muscles to contract. This protects the muscle from injury
What are Golgi tendon organs
- Activated when there is tension in the muscles
- Found between the muscle fibre and tendon
- detects isometric contractions
What is autogenic inhibition
- where there is a sudden relaxation of the muscle in response to high tension
- the golgi Tendons detect this
What is an isometric contraction
Where there is tension in the muscle but no visible movement
What is PNF stretching
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
- used to increase range of motion in a joint
