Muscle, Bone, Joint, and Fascia Terms (Thoracic Limb) Flashcards
Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Muscle
Ex: attaches forelimb to trunk
In: only attaches within limb
Agonist v Antagonist
Agonist: muscle that produces similar action
Antagonist: muscle that produces opposite action
Explain fiber arrangement w/ muscle power
Power increases with obliquity of fibers (angled)
Shoulder (Scapulohumeral) stabilized by…
Subscapularis M: Subscapular N
Supraspinatus M: Suprascapular N
Infraspinatus M: Suprascapular N
Shoulder Joint type
Spherical
Synovial
Loose joint capsule
Shoulder Joint Components
Lateral & Medial Glenohumeral ligaments
Transverse humeral retinaculum
Muscles that extend the shoulder joint
Brachiocephalicus
Subscapularis
Coracobrachialis
Deep pectoral
Biceps brachii
Supraspinatus
Muscles that flex the shoulder joint
Latissimus dorsi
Deep pectoral
Deltoideus
Teres minor
Teres major
Triceps brachii
Elbow Joint Features
Medial / Lateral Collateral ligaments
Muscles that extend the elbow joint
Tensor fasciae antebrachii
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Muscles that flex the elbow joint
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Supinator
Pronator teres
Carpal Joint Features (and levels)
Medial/Lateral Collateral ligaments
3 levels:
Antebrachiocarpal joint
Middle carpal joint
Carpometacarpal joint
Muscles that extend the carpal joints
Abductor digiti I longus
Muscles that flex the carpal joints
Superficial digital flexor
Ball & Socket Joint
2 directional movement, rotation
Ex: hip, shoulder
Synovial Joint
Synovial fluid=lubrication, joint capsule, vascular
Increased SA from membrane
Saddle is subtype
Gliding / Plane Joint
Glides, rotates bones
Example: wrists, ankles
Hinged Joint
One plane movement
Example: knees/elbows
Retinacula
Tissue band that connects tendon groups from different muscles
Annular ligaments
Strong fiber band encircling head of radius for contact with radial notch
Allows for rotation during pronation/supination
Bursa
Synovial sac between two structures for cushioning & reduce friction on tendon
Tendon Sheath
layer of synovial membrane around tendon
Trochlea
Pulley-like articular mass
Condyles
spherical articular mass
Fossae
large depression
Processes
Bony projection
For muscle attachment or articulation
Trochanters
type of tuberosity (rounded swelling)
For muscle attachment
Tubercules
Smaller projections
For muscle attachment
Long bone components
Medullary / marrow cavity
Epiphyseal line
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Metaphysis (ossification center)
Physis (ossification center)
Compact (cortical/dense) bone
Complex of canals/lamellae
Cancellous (spongy) Bone
bone w/ marrow-filled spaces
