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Exam 3 Written (Nash) Flashcards

1
Q

Broad Ligament

A

3 mesenteries around female repro combined

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2
Q

3 Mesenteries / parts of broad ligament

A

Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium

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3
Q

What does mesometrium cover?

A

uterine horn
uterine body
cervix
cranial vagina

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4
Q

What does mesosalpinx cover?

A

uterine tube

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5
Q

What does mesovarium cover?

A

ovary

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6
Q

What kind of organ is ovary? (why)

A

Exocrine + Endocrine
produces gamete (exocrine)
produces hormones (endocrine)

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7
Q

Name 3 ligaments of the ovary

A

suspensory ligament
proper ligament
round ligament

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8
Q

What are the 3 segments of the uterine tube?

A

infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus

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9
Q

Infundibulum

A

most proximal segment of uterine tube
“catcher’s mitt”
finger-like projections wrap around ovary

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10
Q

What are the finger-like projections of the infundibulum that wrap around ovary?

A

Fimbriae

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11
Q

Ampulla

A

site of fertilization in the uterine tube

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12
Q

Isthmus

A

terminal section of uterine tube
closure to uterus
attaches to uterine horn and forms papilla at uterotubal junction

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13
Q

Round ligament of the uterus

A

association with vaginal process

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14
Q

Name the 3 layers of the uterine wall

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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15
Q

What covers the perimetrium?

A

serosa (mesothelium)

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16
Q

Myometrium

A

two layers of uterine wall for contractions and bringing sperm in/out

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17
Q

What orientation are myometrium layers?

A

outer longitudinal smooth muscle
inner circular smooth muscle

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18
Q

Endometrium

A

thick layer of submucosa + mucosa
endocrine function

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19
Q

What endocrine function does the endometrium of the uterine wall provide?

A

glands for nourishment products +
producing prostaglandins

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20
Q

Where are the ovaries located in the abdomen?

A

dorsal part of abdomen
close to caudal poles of kidneys

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21
Q

Which ovary is more cranial than the other?

A

Right kidney

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22
Q

What provides vascular supply to the ovary?

A

Ovarian A branching directly from abdominal aorta

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23
Q

Where does the left ovarian V drain?

A

left renal V

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24
Q

Where does the right ovarian V drain?

A

caudal vena cava

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25
Outer cortex of ovary
has follicles with oocytes + tunica albuginea
26
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
temporary structure formed from follicle after ovulation follicle fills with blood
27
Corpus Luteum
maintains pregnancy by producing progesterone forms after Corpus Hemorrhagicum heals
28
Corpus Albicans
broken down corpus luteum results from involution of corpus luteum
29
Dog ovary is (exposed/covered)
covered
30
Dog ovary is (less mobile / more mobile) than cats
Less mobile
31
Cat ovary is (exposed/covered)
Exposed
32
(Cat/Dog) ovary has constricted bursa opening
Dog
33
What is the clinical significance of constricted bursa / covered ovary in dogs?
harder to see if entire ovary is removed during ovariectomy compared to ovariohysterectomy
34
Pseudocervix
dorsal fold of cervix into vagina aka: "cervical tubercle"
35
boundaries of vagina
pelvic canal --> urethral tubercle (at vestibulo-vaginal junction)
36
What is the vascular supply to the vagina?
Vaginal A
37
Boundaries of the vestibule
urethral tubercle --> vulva
38
Perineum
internal part of body wall that covers pelvic outlet surrounds anus & terminal parts of urogenital tract
39
Perineal region
externally visible projection of perineum on skin
40
Boundaries of perineal body in male
anal canal & bulb of penis
41
Boundaries of perineal body in female
anus & vulva
42
What muscle forms the pelvic diaphragm?
Coccygeus M
43
How many pairs of mammary glands do dogs have? (+ locations)
5 pairs 2 thoracic | 2 abdominal | 1 inguinal
44
How many openings are there per papilla on dog mammary glands?
10-12
45
How many pairs of mammary glands are in the cat?
4 pairs NO thoracic mammary glands
46
Polytocous
multiple fetuses within litter
47
Describe placentation in dog/cat
Individual placenta on each fetus
48
List components of the umbilical cord
1 cord per placenta 2 arteries 1 umbilical vein urachus
49
List 4 methods of pregnancy diagnosis
ultrasound radiographs abdominal palpation parturition (seen at birth)
50
Name the perineal pouches from dorsal to ventral (top to bottom)
1. Pararectal fossa 2. Rectogenital pouch 3. Vesicogenital pouch 4. Pubovesical pouch
51
Pleural Sac
closed sac of parietal + visceral pleura
52
Pleural Cavity
space between pleura with small amount of fluid to create negative pressure to inflate/deflate lungs
53
Pleural Cupula
Dome of pleura projects cranially through thoracic inlet
54
What is the significance of the pleural cupula?
prone to injury (puncture)
55
Pleural Recess
"clefts" between reflected layers of parietal pleura where two layers connect allow for lung expansion
56
Endothoracic Fascia
connective tissue layer separating pleura from chest wall
57
What is endothoracic fascia continuous with?
endoabdominal fascia (in abdomen)
58
Mediastinum
thin/transparent connective tissue septum containing all thoracic cavity structures except LUNGS
59
List regions of mediastinum
cranial mediastinum middle mediastinum ventral mediastinum dorsal mediastinum caudal mediastinum
60
What structures are contained in the cranial mediastinum?
thymus lymph nodes cranial part esophagus
61
What structures are contained in the middle mediastinum?
heart aorta
62
What structures are contained in the ventral mediastinum?
connective tissue lymph nodes (not much)
63
What structures are contained in the dorsal mediastinum?
middle part esophagus descending aorta
64
What structures are contained in the caudal mediastinum?
descending aorta caudal part esophagus caudal vena cava phrenico-pericardial ligament
65
Pyothorax
pus accumulates in pleural space
66
Diaphragmatic hernia
disruption of continuity of diaphragm abdominal organs into thoracic cavity
67
Two causes of diaphragmatic hernia
congenital (chronic) traumatic (injury)
68
Pneumothorax
air/gas accumulates in pleural space
69
What are the two causes of pneumothorax?
traumatic spontaneous (no trauma)
70
What tissue lines the abdominal cavity? (name & tissue type)
Peritoneum made of simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)
71
Endoabdominal fascia
connective tissue layer that attaches to peritoneum
72
List Muscles of the Rectus Sheath
External Abdominal Oblique M Internal Abdominal Oblique M Transversus Abdominis M
73
Linea alba
strip of collagenous tissue along midline where aponeuroses of oblique & transversus abdominis Mm meet
74
What ducts empty into the major duodenal papilla of the dog?
bile duct + pancreatic duct
75
What ducts empty into the minor duodenal papilla of the dog?
accessory pancreatic duct
76
What ducts empty into the major duodenal papilla of the cat?
bile duct + pancreatic duct
77
What ducts empty into the minor duodenal papilla of the cat?
accessory pancreatic duct IF PRESENT!
78
Where are the paranal sinuses located?
ventrolateral to anus 4 & 8 o'clock position
79
List arteries that supply blood to stomach
R/L gastric R/L gastroepiploic Short gastric
80
List arteries that supply blood to small intestine
Cranial/Caudal pancreaticoduodenal ileocolic mesenteric/antimesenteric ileal branch Jejunal Aa Ileal Aa
81
List arteries that supply blood to the large intestine
Left/Middle/Right colic Ileocolic Cecal Caudal mesenteric Cranial rectal
82
Omental bursa
potential space between greater & lesser omenta, stomach, liver
83
Lesser Omentum
attaches to lesser curvature of stomach, duodenum, visceral part of liver
84
What 3 liver structures does the lesser omentum contain?
Hepatic A Portal Vein Bile Duct

Anatomy (11 decks)

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