Muscle Ageing W4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Power= Force x Velocity

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1
Q

Where does strength loss occur primarily when decreased with age?

A

Lower body

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2
Q

What gender has greater age-related declines in velocity?

A

Women

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3
Q

What happens with age?

A

Lose muscle strength with age
Greater loss in lower limbs
Muscle power decreases
Fall likelihood increases

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4
Q

What has a greater loss with age- muscle strength or muscle loss?

A

Muscle strength

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5
Q

What happens to motor units with age?

A

They decrease in number

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6
Q

What does a loss of motor units do?

A

Causes muscle fibres to become denervated
Causes muscle atrophy
Causes muscle fibre loss

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7
Q

How does the size of motor units effect their efficiency?

A

Motor units become less efficient

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8
Q

What can atrophying fibres be reinnervated by?

A

Remaining MUs

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9
Q

How does denervation and collateral re-innervation alter muscle characteristics?

A

Increases co-expression of myosin isoforms
Increases force output
Decreases velocity of contraction and hence power

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10
Q

How does denervation and collateral re-innervate muscle fibres?

A

Increases size of motor units
Preserves some muscle mass

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11
Q

How does changes to the excitation-coupling alter muscle function?

A

Decreases Ca2+ release from SR

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12
Q

How does changes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum alter muscle function?

A

Decreases Ca2+ uptake

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13
Q

How does changes to showing of the myosin molecule alter function?

A

Decreases intrinsic speed of shortening

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14
Q

How does changes to reduced acto-myosin cross bridges alter function?

A

Decreases force output per muscle fibre

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