muscle actions

Question 1

medial thigh

Answer 1

adduction of the lower limb at the hip

Question 2

anterior and lateral leg muscles

Answer 2

• dorsiflex foot at ankle
• extend toes
• invert foot

Question 3

anterior thigh

Answer 3

extend the knee

Question 4

psoas and iliacus

Answer 4

most powerful flexors of the hip

Question 5

posterior thigh

Answer 5

extend the hip and flex the knee

Question 6

gluteal muscles

Answer 6

extend, abduct and laterally rotate the femur at the hip

Question 7

posterior leg

Answer 7

• plantarflex the foot at the ankle
• flex toes
• invert foot

Question 8

superficial back muscles

Answer 8

control movements of upper limbs

Question 9

intermediate back muscles

Answer 9

accessory muscles of respiration that have attachment to the ribs

Question 10

deep back muscles

Answer 10

• movement of the head or neck

- postural control of the vertebral column

Question 11

non-obvious function of anterior abdominal wall muscles

Answer 11

flexion and rotation of the trunk

Question 12

posterior shoulder

Answer 12

• elevate and rotate scapula

- adduction of arm (back to body once lifted)

Question 13

anterior arm

Answer 13

flexion of the elbow and/or shoulder

Question 14

posterior arm

Answer 14

extension of the elbow

Question 15

what are the pronator muscles on the forearm?

Answer 15

pronator teres (superficial) and pronator quadratus (deep)

Question 16

what are the supinator muscles of the arm?

Answer 16

• biceps brachii (when elbow is flexed, an anterior forearm muscle)
• supinator (when forearm is straight, a posterior forearm muscle)