Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

tissues > muscle > Flashcards

muscle Flashcards

1
Q

what is muscle tissue specialised for?

A

contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 3 types of muscle?

A

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the control and structure of the 3 types of muscle?

A

skeletal:voluntary, striated
cardiac:involuntary, striated
SM:involuntary, non-striated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe skeletal muscle tissue

A

elongated, cylindrical cells-muscle fibres
multiple peripherally located nuclei-multinucleated
1 fibre can span whole muscle length
mostly made of protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe skeletal muscle

A

attached to skeleton
voluntary movement of skeleton
subconscious movement-balance/posture
tendons attach muscle to skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is skeletal muscle composed of?

A

skeletal muscle tissue
nervous tissue
bv
connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does endomysium do?

A

separate individual muscle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a fasciculi?

A

groups of muscle fibres grouped together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does perimysium do?

A

loose CT

surrounds each fasciculeq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is epimysium?

A

dense CT

externally surrounds entire muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is skeletal muscle cell structure specialised for contration?

A

each cell packed full of numeroud myofibrils

arrangement give striated appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the electron-microscopic structure of skeletal muscle

A

myofibrils composed of repeating myofilaments
dark bands=myosin
light bands=actin
light bands dissected by Z Lines, divide myofibril into contractile unit sarcomeres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the sliding filament mechanism of sarcomeres?

A

a conformational change causes the filaments to slide over each other causing the sarcomere to shorted-contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe control in skeletal muscle

A

mainly voluntary
somatic motor neurons innervate
individual motor neurons innervate several muscle fibres
1 neuron + muscle fibres it innervates=motor unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a sarcolemma?

A

invaginates into sarcoplasm to form membranous T tubules

continuous with extracellular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

modified smooth ER

Ca2+ concentrated w/I SR`

17
Q

what is the function of cardiac muscle?

A

specialised for continuous autonomous contractions

pump blood through CVS

18
Q

what is the structure of cardiac muscle?

A

elongated, branched cylindrical cells
1 or 2 centrally located nuclei
striated

19
Q

what is the macroscopic heart structure?

A 
pericardium
-outer supporting tissue layer
myocardium
-cardiac muscle tissue
endocardium
-single layer of endothelial cells
20
Q

describe the histological structure of cardiac muscle

A

individual cardiac muscle fibres surrounded by reticular CT supports rich capillary network
specialised intercellular junctions (intercalated discs) anchor adjacent cardiac cells together

21
Q

what are EM similarities between cardiac and skeletal muscle?

A 
sarcomere arrangement
T tubules 
sarcoplasmic reticulum
numerous mitochondria
glycogen & lipid granules
sliding-filament mechanism
22
Q

what are EM differences between cardiac and skeletal muscle?

A 
autonomous (involuntary)
SR-slowly leaks Ca2+
intercalated discs
conducting system-modified cardiac cells
modulated by external autonomic/hormonal stimuli
23
Q

describe the conducting system of the heart

A 
initiated at sinoatrial node
L&R atria contract
AV node
AV bundle of his
purkinje fibres
cardiac muscle fibres
24
Q

how does contraction of cardiac muscle occur?

A 
intrinsic contractile ability
-pacemaker cells(SAN)
-slow release Ca2+ from SR
rate modulated by:
-autonomic nervous stimulation
-hormonal stimulation
25
Q

what is the function of SM?

A

lines hollow organs
specialised for continuous contractions
proper lumen contents-peristalsis

26
Q

what is the structure of SM?

A

small, elongated spindle-shaped cells with tapered ends
single central nuclei
no sarcomeres-not striated

27
Q

describe peristalsis

A 
anatomical arrangement specialised
inner circular layer constricts lumen diameter
outer longitudinal layer shortens length
squeeze food through GIT
PNS modulates intensity
28
Q

how does SM contract?

A

no sarcomeres
actin & myosin arranged in criss-cross lattice
anchored to cytoplasm & cells membrane via focal densities
relaxed cell = elongated
shortened & globular

tissues (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions