cartilage & bone Flashcards
what kind of CT are cartilage and bone?
skeletal
describe cartilage
flexible, avascular CT that provide support and resistance to compression types: hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage elastic cartilage
what are bones composed of?
bone tissue CT proper adipose tissue bv nervous tissue cartilage
what are the 2 conformations of bone?
compact-cortical
spongy-trabecular
what is the histological composition of bone tissue?
hydroxyapatite (70%)
-mineralised crystals of ca & po
osteoid (30%)
un-mineralised organic component of ECM
what is an osteogenic cell?
bone cell precursor
gives rise to osteoblasts
what is an osteoblast?
synthesises and secretes bone tissue
gives rise to osteocytes
what is an osteocyte?
maintains mineralised bone tissue
what is an osteoclast?
resorbs bone-remove old/damaged
derived from monocyte/macrophage lineage
what are lamellae?
layers of bone
describe the histological structure of spongy bone
lamellar bone
no osteons
spaces between trabeculae occupied by red & yellow marrow, nerves, lymphatics
lined externally by endosteum
what is bone remodelling?
growth mechanical stresses external factors -hormonal-Ca homeostasis -immunological
what is osteomalacia?
disorder of bone & cartilage failure of osteoid to mineralise adequately dietary deficiencies -lack ca/po -lack vit D bones weak prone to fracture associated with dental abnormalities -enamel hypoplasia delayed tooth eruption
what are the 2 types of arthritis?
osteoarthritis -most common -degenerative rheumatoid arthritis -autoimmune -articular cartilage destroyed
what is periodontitis?
destructive inflammatory disease immune response to oral bacteria leads to destruction of host tissues uncoupling of bone remodelling increased osteoclastogenesis destruction alveolar bone
