muscarinis antagonists

Question 1

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide - what organ is target?

Answer 1

eye

Question 2

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide application?

Answer 2

produce mydriasis and cycloplegia

Question 3

what drugs produce mydriasis and cycloplegia?

Answer 3

Atropine, homatropine, tropicamide - what organ is target?

Question 4

benztropine, trihexyphenidyl - what target organ?

Answer 4

CNS

Question 5

benztropine, trihexyphenidyl application?

Answer 5

parkinson disease, acute dystonia

Question 6

what drugs used for parkinson disease, acute dystonia?

Answer 6

benztropine, trihexyphenidyl

Question 7

glycopyrolate target organ?

Answer 7

GI, respiratory

Question 8

glycopyrolate application?

Answer 8

parenteral - preop. use to reduce airway secretion

oral: drooling, peptic ulcer

Question 9

parenteral - preop. use to reduce airway secretion

oral: drooling, peptic ulcer

what drug?

Answer 9

glycopyrolate

Question 10

hyoscyamine (buscopan), dicyclomine organ?

Answer 10

GI

Question 11

hyoscyamine (buscopan), dicyclomine application?

Answer 11

antispasmodic for irritable bowel syndrome. aka relieve smooth muscle spasms (cramps)

Question 12

iptratropium, tiotropium organ?

Answer 12

respiratory

Question 13

iptratropium, tiotropium application?

Answer 13

Asthma, COPD

Question 14

Asthma, COPD drugs?

Answer 14

iptratropium, tiotropium

Question 15

oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodin target organ?

Answer 15

Genitourinary

Question 16

oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodin application?

Answer 16

reduce bladder spasm and urge urinary incontinence (overreactive bladder)

Question 17

reduce bladder spasm and urge urinary incontinence (overreactive bladder) drugs?

Answer 17

oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodin

Question 18

scopolamine organ?

Answer 18

CNS

Question 19

scopolamine application?

Answer 19

motion sickness

Question 20

motion sickness drug?

Answer 20

scopolamine

Question 21

atropine effect on eye?

Answer 21

miosis and cycloplegia

Question 22

atropine effect on airway?

Answer 22

bronchodilation, decr. secretions

Question 23

atropine effect on stomach?

Answer 23

decr. secretion

Question 24

atropine effect on gut?

Answer 24

decr. motility –> constipation

Question 25

atropine effect on bladder?

Answer 25

decr. detrusor contractions –> decr. urgency in cystitis

Question 26

atropine blocks what effects?

Answer 26

muscarinics, but not nicotinics, because work only on M receptors

Question 27

atropine adverse: hot as hare?

Answer 27

incr. temperature - due to decr. sweating and decr. heat dissipation

Question 28

atropine adverse: dry as bone?

Answer 28

decr. secretions: dry eyes, dry mucous membranes

Question 29

atropine adverse: red as beet?

Answer 29

body heat –> superficial vasodilation –> dry, flushed skin

Question 30

atropine adverse: blind as bat?

Answer 30

cycloplegia, mydriasis
,,paralysis of ciliary muscle and iris sphincter”

Question 31

atropine adverse: mad as hatter?

Answer 31

alterted mental status, disorientation
because atropine cross BBB and affects CMS pathways

Question 32

atropine adverse: full as a flask?

Answer 32

decr. gut motility –> constipation
decr. detrusor motility and decr. internal urethral sphincter relaxation –> urinary retention

Question 33

atropine adverse: fast as a fiddle?

Answer 33

incr. HR (tachycardia)
due to decr. vagal tone at the SA

Question 34

atropine adverse in elderly, men and children?

Answer 34

can cause acute angle closure glaucoma in elderly (due to mydriasis)

urinary retention in men with BPH

hyperthermia in infants

Question 35

Jimson weed (Datura) what cause?

Answer 35

gardener’s pupil (mydriasis due to plant alcaloids)