Musc/Neur/Vess Microanatomy M1

Question 1

Define the words:
striated
fascicle
myofibril
myofilament
sarcomere
sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

-parallel lines
-bundle of muscle cells
-located inside cytoplasm of muscle cells/ bundles of striated muscle
-actin and myosin and arrange to form fibrils
-repeating, overlapping arrangement of myofilaments
-involved in muscle contraction via store, releasing and absorbing Ca+

Question 2

What do actin and myosin do

Answer 2

actin and myosin filaments are arranged to create sarcomeres, forming striations

Question 2

Define the terms:
tunica
intima
media
adventitia
lumen
endothelium
squamous
fenestration

Answer 2

-layer
-innermost
-middle
-outermost
-cavity of hollow structure
-a layer of squamous epithelial cells lining the interior of vessels
- flattened
- hole/ opening

Question 3

Outline what the epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium is

Answer 3

• epineurium: dense outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve
• perineurium: semi-permeable connective tissue surrounding the nuclei
• endoneurium: nerve fibres enclosed by the perineurium

Question 4

what is the endosteum

Answer 4

membrane lining the inner surface of the bone wall

Question 5

what is the periosteum

Answer 5

the fibrous sheath covering the outerlayer of bone

Question 6

what is the perichondrium

Answer 6

layer of connective tissue covering the external surface of cartilage

Question 8

What is an osteoblast

Answer 8

Cells that form new bones and grow to heal existing bones

Question 9

Neuron: describe what the dendrite, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, terminal end looks like and actions

Answer 9

Dendrite: branchy and extends to increase receptor area to receive stimuli

cell body: where the nucleus sits

axon: a cytoplasmic extension to transmitstimuli, long chain

myelin sheath: insulates the axon to increase speed of the message

terminal end: releases neurotransmitter chemicals, end of the branch