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Pharmolcology > Musc.,Endo.,& Neuro Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Musc.,Endo.,& Neuro Exam Study Guide Flashcards

0
Q

How do you administer calcitonin-salmon?

A

Intranasally. Prime pump on first spray, spray once in nostril alternate nostril every use

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1
Q

What does calcitonin-salmon treat?

A

Postmenopausal osteoporosis

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2
Q

What kind of diet should a patient taking calcitonin-salmon eat?

A

High calcium and vitamin D diet

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3
Q

Side effects of calcitonin-salmon?

A

Nasal dryness

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4
Q

What Contra indicates with calcitonin-salmon?

A

Allergy to Salmon

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5
Q

What is methotrexate used to treat

A

Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer

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6
Q

How do you administer methotrexate?

A

Oral, subQ, IM

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7
Q

When a patient is taking methotrexate it is important to monitor the pt. for what?

A

G.I. bleeding

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8
Q

What It is important to instruct a patient who is taking methotrexate to do?

A

Avoid alcohol and to drink 8 to 12 glasses of water daily

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9
Q

What are the side effects of methotrexate?

A

Bone marrow suppressant and liver damage. Alcohol use may increase risk of hepatotoxicity.

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10
Q

What is entanercept used to treat?

A

Joint damage and inflammation

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11
Q

How is entanercept administered?

A

Subcutaneous injection

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12
Q

What are the side effects of entanercept?

A

Severe skin reactions such as Steven Johnson syndrome, reactivation of latent TB

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13
Q

When a patient is taking entanerceptyou should monitor them for what?

A

Assess for infection prior to each injection, signs and symptoms of heart failure, administer TB test prior to starting therapy.

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14
Q

What does entanercept interacts with?

A

Chemotherapeutic drugs, & don’t give with Aanakinra (kineret) due to risk of infection

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15
Q

What is alendeonate used to treat?

A

Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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16
Q

How Do you administer alenderonate?

A

30 minutes before breakfast with full glass of water patient must sit or stand for 30 minutes after administration

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17
Q

What are the side effects of alendronate?

A

Eye problems, muscle and joint pain, esophagitis, and G.I. Sx

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18
Q

What contraindicates with alenderonate?

A

Esophageal stricture’s, difficulty swallowing, being unable to sit or stand for 30 minutes after administration

19
Q

What is calcium citrate/carbonate used to treat?

A

Hypocalcemia, patients with calcium deficiency, risk for osteoporosis, lack toast intolerant, women breast-feeding, and adolescents

20
Q

What are the side effects for calcium citrate/carbonate?

A

Hypercalcemia which may cause kidney stones, vomiting, nausea, and constipation?

21
Q

How is calcium citrate/carbonate administered?

A

Orally with a glass of water after swallowing

22
Q

What should you monitor a patient for while taking calcium citrate/Carbonite?

A

Monitor serum calcium and blood in urine

23
Q

What is it important to instruct the patient while taking calcium citrate/carbonate?

A

To consume a high fiber diet and take a laxative as necessary for constipation

24
Q

What is neostigmine used to treat?

A

Myasthenia gravis; improve muscle strength

25
Q

How do you administer neostigmine?

A

Orally; 45 minutes to an hour before meals at the same time daily

26
Q

While a patient is taking neostigmine what is it important to monitor for?

A

Excessive diarrhea & salivation (toxicity). Monitor vital signs don’t Edminister if apical pulse is below 60 BPM. Have atropine ready to treat muscle weakness and respiratory paralysis that occur within one hour of neostigmine being administered (cholinergic crisis)

27
Q

What is serotonin syndrome?

A

Effects that usually occur within hours of taking a new medication that affects the serotonin levels

28
Q

What are some symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

A

Confusion, restlessness, dilated pupils, headache, nausea and or vomiting, diarrhea, rapid heart rate and heavy sweating & goosebumps

29
Q

What is malignant hyperthermia?

A

Severe reaction to a dose of anesthetics. The reaction is sometimes fatal it is caused by a rare in here muscle abnormality. Usually occurs during or after surgery

30
Q

What are some symptoms of malignant hyperthermia?

A

A dramatic rise in body temperature, rated or painful muscles, especially in the job. Flushed skin, sweating, irregular heartbeat, rapid breathing, brown urine, Very low blood pressure, (shock) and muscle weakness

31
Q

What does desmopressin treat & how is it administered?

A

Diabetes insipidus & admin arlene, intranasally, subcutaneously, or IV

32
Q

What are the side effects for desmopressin?

A

Fluid retention, hyponatremia, vasoconstriction

33
Q

The patient should notify provider if what occurs while taking desmopressin

A

Headache, fluid retention, weight gain, edema, and monitor fluid intake and outtake

34
Q

What is somatropin used to treat and how is it administered

A

Growth hormone deficiencies such as Turner syndrome and it’s administered IM or subQ

35
Q

What are the side effects of somatropin

A

Hyperglycemia, myalgia and hypercalciuria

36
Q

When a patient is taking somatropin what is it important to monitor for?

A

Blood glucose, muscle pain, urine calcium, and renal stones

37
Q

What is hydrocortisone used for and how is it administered?

A

Replacement therapy for acute and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency known as Addison’s disease. It’s administered orally or IV in acute or emergency situations

38
Q

What are the side effects of hydrocortisone?

A

There side effects at low levels high levels it may suppress or inflamed the immune system

39
Q

Patient is taking hydrocortisone is important to monitor for what

A

Signs of hyperglycemia, fat redistribution, ask your process, hypercortisolism (fatigue weakness weight loss and hypoglycemia)

40
Q

What is propylthiourisil used to treat and how is it administered?

A

Treats hyperthyroidism also known as graves disease. It’s administered orally at regular intervals

41
Q

Are the side effects of propylthiourisil?

A

Hypothyroidism, agranulocytosis, rash, headache, arthralgia, myalgia

42
Q

What is radioactive iodine used to treat and how is it administered?

A

Hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer and it’s administered orally once a day (subsequent doses per patient)

43
Q

What time side effects of radioactive iodine?

A

Hypothyroidism. Rare: bone marrow depressant and radiation sickness

44
Q

My patient is on radioactive iodine what is it important to watch for

A

Thyroid function, CBC, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hematemesis, intense nausea and vomiting and epistaxis

Pharmolcology (11 decks)

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