Multisystem I: Flaviviridae Flashcards
Flaviviridae (Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika) are characterized by ____
Flaviviridae (Yellow fever, Dengue and Zika) are characterized by high fevers
Yellow fever leads to severe systemic disease with degeneration of ____
Yellow fever leads to severe systemic disease with degeneration of liver, kidney, heart as well as hemorrhage
there is massive ____ in Yellow fever, ultimately leading to ____
there is massive GI bleeds in Yellow fever, ultimately leading to black vomit
Dengue is also called ____ fever
Dengue is also called break-bone fever
conjunctivitis in a question stem should point towards what disease?
Zika
Yellow fever is part of the ___ family of viruses
Yellow fever is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses
the vector for YF is ____
the vector for YF is Aedes aegypti (mosquito)
the Yellow fever virus infects ___ and leads to ___ degradation and release of ____
the Yellow fever virus infects hepatocytes and leads to eosinophilic degradation and release of cytokines
____ appears in the hepatocyte cytoplasm after being infected with YF
councilman bodies (apoptotic masses) appears in the hepatocyte cytoplasm after being infected with YF
severe cases of YF progress to ____
severe cases of YF progress to fever, jaundice, bleeding, kidney problems (characterized by hematemesis) and collapse
Dengue fever is part of the ___ family of viruses
Dengue fever is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses
the Dengue virus replicates in ____
the Dengue virus replicates in lymph nodes
the initial infection of Flaviviridae viruses is primarily in ___ and ___ (cells)
the initial infection of Flaviviridae viruses is primarily in macrophages and monocytes
repeat infection with ___ can lead to severe ____
repeat infection with another of the 4 DENV strains can lead to severe Dengue (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue shock syndrome (DSS))
describe the process of repeat infection with Dengue
memory T-cells become activated → release cytokines & initiation of inflammatory responses/rxns → weakening & rupture of vasculature, internal bleeding, loss of plasma lead to shock
____ promote the uptake of Dengue virus into macrophages
non-neutralizing antibodies promote the uptake of Dengue virus into macrophages
in a repeat infection with a subsequent serotype, antibodies are of ____ and instead of clearing the virus, they ____
in a repeat infection with a subsequent serotype, antibodies are of sub-neutralizing concentrations and instead of clearing the virus, they enhance infection with a different serotype → harsher symptoms are seen
the clinical features of DF begins with _____
the clinical features of DF begins with a sudden high fever (40 C, 104 F)
list the 2 characteristic clinical features of DF
pain behind the eyes (retro-orbital)
muscle and joint pains (breakbone fever)
the hemorrhage seen in DF is described as “____”
the hemorrhage seen in DF is described as “white islands in a sea of red”
Chikungunya is part of the ____ family of viruses
Chikungunya is part of the Togaviridae family of viruses
describe the pathogenesis of Chikungunya virus
Chikungunya replicates in ____ of the dermis
Chikungunya replicates in the fibroblasts of the dermis
describe the clinical features of Chikungunya
Zika virus is part of the ____ family of viruses
Zika virus is part of the Flaviviridae family of viruses
Zika virus interacts with ___ and ___ that facilitates the fusion of the virus
Zika virus interacts with E-glycoproteins and cellular receptors (glycoproteins) that facilitate the fusion of the virus
in what aspect are Zika and Dengue opposite?
Zika INHIBITS apoptosis
Dengue INDUCES apoptosis
____ is a characteristic clinical feature of Zika virus
conjunctivitis is a characteristic clinical feature of Zika virus
list the 2 complications of Zika virus infection
- GBS
- microcephaly
the ___ lineage of Zika virus causes microcephaly because the virus invades ____
the Asian lineage of Zika virus causes microcephaly because the virus invades developing neurons
name 3 demographics where vaccines are contraindicated
children < 9 months
pregnant women
persons with egg allergies or altered immune status
