Multiple Sclerosis

Question 1

MS

Answer 1

• Chronic inflammatory disease causing demyelination in the CNS
• Episodes of inflammation damage the myelin sheath and myelin producing cells
• Sclerotic plaque prevents normal transmission of nerve impulses of nerve impulses causing neurological signs and symptoms

Believed to be autoimmune disease

Question 2

Categories of MS

(4)

Answer 2

Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS)
- Relapses followed by recovery and disease stabilization

Primary-Progressive MS (PPMS)
- Steady disease progression (no interruptions or distinct episodes - No remission

Secondary-Progressive MS (SPMS)
- Begins wtih relapsing-remitting course followed by a steady disease progression with no distinct periods of remission

Progressive-Relapsing MS (PRMS)
- Progressive disease from onset with super imposed acute attacks or relapses that may or may not have recovery

Question 3

Exacerbating factors: Relapse

Answer 3

New and recurrent symptoms that last for at least 24 hours

Question 4

Exacerbating Factors: Aggravating

Answer 4

1. Viral infection
2. Bacterial infection
3. Disease of major systems
   - Asthma attack - think heart & lungs
4. Emotional and bodily stress
   - lack of sleep, exhaustion, dyhydration, malnutrition

Question 5

Exacerbating Factors: Pseudoexacerbation

Answer 5

Transcient worsening of MS symptoms
Episodes lasts <24 hours

Uhthoff’s Phenomenon - adverse reaction to heat
Internal = activity
External = hot outside/inside environment

Question 6

S/S: Trigeminal Neuralgia

Answer 6

A type of chronic pain disorder that involves sudden, severe facial pain. It affects the trigeminal nerve, or fifth cranial nerve, which provides feeling and nerve signaling to many parts of the head and face.

Painful to eat or shave face

More S/S on pg. 314