MULTIMODAL IMAGING

Question 1

What area of brain is associated with attention related issues?

Answer 1

ANTERIOR CINGULATE

Question 2

What is Axial Diffusivity?

Answer 2

refers to the magnitude of diffusion PARALLEL TO FIBR TRACTS

Question 3

What is Radial Diffusivity?

Answer 3

The apparent water diffusion in the direction PERPENDICULAR TO THE AXON FIBERS

Question 4

Pronounce Neurite

Answer 4

Neur write

Question 5

What is meant by ISOTROPY?

Answer 5

ISOTROPHY occurs when the diffusion of water is entirely uninhibited and movement is uniform in all directions

Question 6

NODDI enables the estimation of three key aspects of neural tissue at each voxel:

Answer 6

Neurite Density Index (NDI), which quantifies the packing density of axons or dendrites;
Orientation Dispersion Index (ODI),which assesses the orientation coherence of neurites,
Free Water Fraction (FWF), which estimates the extent of CSF contamination

Question 7

Pronounce ISOTROPY

Answer 7

ICE OTT ROW FEE

Question 8

Pronounce ANISOTROPHY

Answer 8

AN ICE OTT ROW FEE

Question 9

What is ANISOTROPY?

Answer 9

There is a directionality in the movement of water

Question 10

FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY

Answer 10

The degree of anisotropy of water molecules.
0 is uninhibited movement of water
1 is fully anisotropic or restricted.

Question 11

NODDI

Answer 11

Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging

Question 12

What is a Neurite?

Answer 12

Axons and dendrites
Projections of neurons

Question 13

NDI

Answer 13

Neurite Density Index
Represents axonal Density in white matter

Question 14

ODI

Answer 14

Orientation Dispersion index
of Neurites
Higher in loosely organized white matter
Lower in tracts that are largely parallel fiber bundles such as corpus callosum

Question 15

FISO

Answer 15

volume Fraction of Isotropic diffusion compartment
Estimates free water content.

Question 16

What is a dendrite?

Answer 16

Dendrites transmitt impulses to cell body
Are shorter
Heavily branched

Question 17

What is an axon?

Answer 17

Carry nerve impulses away from cell body
Longer
Uniform diameter

Question 18

How does NODDI quantify white matter structures?

Answer 18

Orientation dispersion Index
Neurite Density Index
Free Water Fraction

Question 19

What is CT

Answer 19

Computed Tomography (CT) is a diagnostic imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer processing to produce detailed cross-sectional images of the body. “computed” refers to the use of computer processing to produce images. In contrast “tomography” refers to the ability to produce a three-dimensional image of a body structure by capturing multiple cross-sectional images.

Question 20

What issues are CT scans used for in ER?

Answer 20

A CT (Computed Tomography) scan is often performed to evaluate suspected brain trauma and look for signs of injury such as:

Skull fractures
Hemorrhage (bleeding)
Contusions (bruising of the brain)
Edema (swelling of the brain)
Brain herniation
Mass lesions or tumors
Foreign objects (such as bullet fragments)
A CT scan is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging test that uses X-rays and computer processing to produce detailed images of the head and brain.

Question 21

What is FDR?

Answer 21

The false discovery rate (FDR) isa statistical approach used in multiple hypothesis testing to correct for multiple comparisons.

Question 22

What does ventral lateral mean in anatomy?

Answer 22

relating to both the ventral and lateral surface, or to the front and the side