mucosal disease with diarrhea pt 2

Question 1

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP)
- where is it found geographically

Answer 1

2006 >
 European countries:
 Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, and UK.
 The disease has caused considerable animal health concern in the western world

Question 2

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP) historical names

Answer 2

Syndrome was inconsistently reported under several names:
 “haemorrhagic diathesis”
 “bleeding calf syndrome”
 “haemorrhagic diathesis syndrome”
 “idiopathic haemorrhagic diathesis”
→Official nomenclature
 “bovine neonatal pancytopenia – BNP”

Question 3

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP) clinical signs

Answer 3

 Mucosal petechiae
 Bleeding after injections
 Various amounts of blood in the feces
 Spontaneous cutaneous hemorrhages
 Severe secondary infections can be explained by the pronounced thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia

Question 4

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP)
- how does it affect calves? pathogenically?

Answer 4

Bone marrow is profoundly affected with reduction of megakaryocytes, lymphoid and myeloid precursor cells (panmyelophthisis)

Question 5

Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP)
- relationship to PregSure BVD

Answer 5

 Bleeding disorders in calves due to bone marrow damage have occurred sporadically before the introduction of PregSure® BVD, and in herds without vaccinations
 Strong association between PregSure® BVD vaccine in cows and the development of BNP in their offspring.

Question 6

what cells / antibodies affected in BNP?

Answer 6

MHC I-specific antibodies mediate the pathogenicity of BNP in the calf and that cells with high MHC I expression were preferentially affected in BNP.