MTM AP05 - skin Flashcards
What is the epidermis made of?
Epithelium of keratinised stratified squamous cells on connective tissue
Going deep, what are the layers of skin?
Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosm Stratum spinosum Stratum basale Dermis
What produces melanin?
melanocytes
What might improve grip?
dermal ridges
What types of sweat glands are there?
What do they secrete?
eccrine - watery secretion with NaCl
Apocrine - saline based and more viscous than eccrine
Sebacious - sebum
What do ducts in eccrine glands do?
they contain acidophilic cells, absorbing Na+ preventing excessive loss of water
What limits cutaneous blood supply?
atrivenous anastomoses, reducing perfusion
Where are proliferating cells usually found?
stratum basale, they then move upwards to the superficial layers, taking 30-40 days
What are malignant melanocytes?
normal melanocytes often proliferate in the skin to form moles (benign), if malignant they often penetrate the basal lamina and enter the dermis.
Why do some cells looked ‘prickled’?
the cells extend around the tonofibrils either side of the desmosome.
What are the two layers of the dermis?
Papillary (superficial) and reticular (deep)
What blood supply lies between the papillary and reticular dermis?
microvascular subpapillary plexus
What are Naevus cells?
larger melanocytes with no dendrites
What is Psoriasis?
faster skin turnover
How does UV affect skin?
It stimulates melanin production, it is still necessary though to stop you from getting rickets
What coats the hair shaft?
sebacious oils (within the hair follicle)
What are Meissner’s Corpuscles?
sensitive to light/ligh touch, found between the dermal and epidermal junction
What is under the nail bed?
hyponchium which prduces more cells which produce more keratin
What are Merkel cells?
only nerve cells in the epidermis, more of synapse with a free ending
Why do melanocytes need to be replaced?
they travel down into the dermis and break down into a permanent collection of melanin
What are Meissener’s receptors?
Tactile corpuscles
What are Krause receptors?
bulbous corpuscles, detecting vibrations, frequencies
Where are the different sweat glands found?
E - almost everywhere, particularly on soles, palm of hands
A - armpit and anogenital region
S - everywhere apart from the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
