AP03 - the brain and its' meninges Flashcards
What are the 4 main lobes of the brain?
Frontal lobe
occipital lobe
parietal lobe
temporal lobe
What is the frontal lobe for?
planning motor function
What is the parietal lobe for?
proprioception
What is the occipital lobe for?
optical sensory information
What is the temporal lobe for?
receives auditory information
What are the three hidden lobes?
insular, occipitoparietal, and limbic lobes
What are the ridges and valleys called?
The ridges are Gyri and the valleys are Sulci
What separates the frontal and parietal lobe?
The central sulcus
What separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes?
The lateral sulci
How could you see the insula?
separate the temporal and frontal lobes
What is the limbic lobe for?
emotional response
Where is the midbrain?
connects to the forebrain and hindbrain (just above the pons)
What does the pons do?
relays signals from the forebrain to the cerebellum
What does the midbrain do?
controls motor movement (like in the eye)
What does the medulla do?
homeostasis
What does the cerebellum do?
focuses fine motor movements
What are the 3 layers to the meninges?
Dura mater (endosteal and meningeal)
Arachnoid layer
Pia mater
What happens when the meningeal layer of the dura mater moves inwards?
it forms dural sinuses filled with venous blood
What does the arachnoid layer contian
CSF
What is the pia mater for?
BBB!!!!!!!
What might happen after damage to the frontal lobe?
dementia
What is one major effect of parietal lobe damage?
Gerstmann’s syndrome
left right confusion
What might happen to those with a damaged occipital lobe?
partial blindness
What symptoms might suggest there is damage to the temporal lobe?
hearing loss
How might you alleviate the symptoms of epilepsy?
cutting through the corpus callosum in a corpus callosotomy
What is a subdural haematoma?
venous blood collections between the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura
What is an epidural haematoma
arterial blood collects between the inner table of the skull and the stripped-off dural membrane
What are the left and righ sides of the brain separated by?
longitudinal fissue
What is the occipital lobe separated from the cerebellum by?
tentorium cerebelli
What are the lobes of the cerebellum?
rostral lobe
caudal lobe
Flocculonodular lobe
What are the three main functions of the CSF?
protection
bouyancy
chemical stability
Where is the 3rd ventricle located?
inferior and medial to the lateral ventricles
Where is the 4th ventricle located?
inferior to the lateral ventricles, posterior to the 3rd ventricle
Where does the 4th ventricle receive CSF from?
3rd ventricle via the cerebral aqueduct.
Where does the 4th ventricle send CSF to?
central spinal canal
subarachnoid cisterns
Where is CSF reabsorbed?
the arachnoid villi into dural sinuses
How does the colliculus orientate a mammal to its’ surroundings?
Saccades (vertical and horizontal)
Where do horizontal saccades go through?
the Pons
What do vertical saccades go through?
the midbrain
What is the corpus callosum for?
coordination between left and right hemispheres
What is the structure of the corpus callosum?
Anterior (Genu, Rostrum)
Body
Posterior (Splenium, the big bit)
How might the symptoms of epilepsy be alleviated?
corpus callostomy
