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MTAP 2nd Semester > MTAP W3 (Hematology W15: Chronic Leukemia) > Flashcards

MTAP W3 (Hematology W15: Chronic Leukemia) Flashcards

1
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

When neoplastic cells involve mainly the bone marrow and blood, the disorder is known as a -

A

leukemia

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2
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

When the disease is limited mainly to lymph nodes or organs, the disease is known as a -

A

lymphoma

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3
Q

Occasionally, a lymphoma develops into -

A

leukemia

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4
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

most common chronic leukemia in adult

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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5
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

is a slowly progressing clonal malignancy of
lymphocytes in an arrested stage of maturation.

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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6
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

commonly seen in adults with a mean age of occurrence at 55 years

Twice as common to men compared to women

enlarged lymph nodes, and abdominal discomfort caused by liver and spleen enlargement

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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7
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Patients have a leukocytosis ranging from 10,000 to 150,000/mm3 with 80% to 90% lymphocytes persistent over a period of weeks to
months.

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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8
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

CLL
- are commonly found on blood smears.

A

smudge cells

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9
Q

remnants of cells that lacks any
dentcytoplasmicmembrane membrane or nuclear
structures

A

smudge cells

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9
Q

May pathologic in case of CLL, or can be an artifact

A

smudge cells

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10
Q

clover leaf or flower appearance: pathogenic in CLL

A

rieder cell

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11
Q

cytogenetic abnormalies can be detected by WHO, involves 12,14

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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12
Q

develops in 10% of patients who have CLL. The patient’s blood smear
demonstrates spherocytes and reticulocytosis.

A

AIHA

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13
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

95% of CLL have - cell leukemia

A

B cell

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14
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Cluster designation markers for B lymphocytes

  • positive in B-lymphocyte CLLs and some lymphomas
A

CD5

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15
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Cluster designation markers for B lymphocytes

positive for late B cells and hairy-cell leukemia

A

CD22

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16
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Cluster designation markers for B lymphocytes

positive in all stages of B-lymphocyte development (i.e., Pan-B)

A

CD24

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17
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Immunologic markers for T-cell leukemia include

E-rosette marker (i.e., sheep RBCs)

A

CD2

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18
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Immunologic markers for T-cell leukemia include

positive for T-lymphocyte CLL, T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, and infectious mononucleosis

A

CD3

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19
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Immunologic markers for T-cell leukemia include

positive for T-lymphocyte CLL

A

CD8

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20
Q

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Treatment of CLL includes one or a combination of the following agents: (3)

A
  1. chemotherapy with alkylating drugs
  2. glucocorticoid
  3. radiotherapy
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21
Q

Clinical staging systems (-) for assessing prognosis in CLL were developed in the early
1980s, based on easily obtainable biological and clinical parameters.

A

Rai and Binet

22
Q

Rai and Binet

Stage -: Bone marrow and blood lymphocytosis

A

0

23
Q

Rai and Binet

Stage -: Lymphocytosis with enlarged nodes/ Lymphadenopathy

A

1

24
Q

Rai and Binet

Stage -: Lymphocytosis with enlarged spleen or liver or both

A

2

25
Q

Rai and Binet

Stage -: Lymphocytosis with anemia

A

3

26
Q

Rai and Binet

Stage -: Lymphocytosis with thrombocytopenia

A

4

27
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

is a variation of CLL in which there is a high number of morphologically immature larger lymphocytes, which appear as prolymphocytes.

A

Prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL)

28
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

The prognosis is usually subacute and more
resistant to treatment than is common CLL. Patients have a mean survival of 1 year.

A

B-CELL PROLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

29
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

PLL prolymphocytes commonly type positive with
the membrane markers -

A

CD 19, CD 20, CD 22, CD 24

30
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

PLL prolymphocytes commonly type positive with
the membrane markers and strong expression of -

A

sIg/ surface immunoglobulin

31
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

small B lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm and fine (“hairy”) cytoplasmic projections.

A

HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA

32
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

TRAP +

The cytochemical features of HCL include a strong acid phosphatase reaction that is not inhibited by tartaric acid or tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain.

A

HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA

33
Q

(leukemic reticuloendotheliosis)

A

HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA

34
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Splenomegaly is a common physical finding
B cell malignancy (CD19, CD20 positive)

CD25! IL2 receptor unique to px with -

A

HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA

35
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Monoclonal gammopathy causes B cell production of excessive -

A

IgG, IgA

36
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Multiple skeletal system tumors of plasma cells (myeloma cells) cause - and -

A
  1. lytic bone lesions
  2. hypercalcemia
37
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Identified on serum protein
electrophoresis by an “M”-spike in
the gamma-globulin region;

A

multiple myeloma

38
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Laboratory Findings:

Marked rouleaux
Bence jones proteins

A

multiple myeloma

39
Q
  • (free light chains—kappa or lambda) found in the urine; toxic to tubular epithelial cells; cause kidney damage
A

bence jones proteins

40
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

a hypergammaglobulinemia variant of chronic lymphocytic leukemia,

increase of monoclonal IgM in the serum

A

WALDENSTROM’S MACROGLOBULINEMIA

41
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Marked roleaux formation and increased ESR
BENCE jones proteins
+ coombs test

A

WALDENSTROM’S MACROGLOBULINEMIA

42
Q

LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS

Lab dx:
lymphophilia and monocytosis

A

lymphoma

43
Q

are the hallmark of Hodgkin’s
lymphoma, may be found in the lymph
nodes and marrow of a patient who has
this disease.

A

Reed-Sternberg cells

44
Q

owls eyes appearance, giant
binucleated or multi-nucleated cells with
acidophilic nuclei.

A

Reed-Sternberg cells

45
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma (classical)

-of lymphomas; seen in patients between 15
and 35 years of age and over 55 years of age

A

40%

46
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma (classical)

seen more frequently in males; certain subtypes have an - association

A

EBV

47
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma (classical)

—70% are this subtype; lowest EBV association

A

nodular sclerosis

48
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma (classical)

—20% are this subtype; highest EBV association MALIGNANT LEUKOCYTE DISORDERS

A

mixed cellularity

49
Q

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

associated with EBV, has a strong affinity for B cells; this affinity causes B-cell proliferation. When the cytolytic killer T lymphocytes’ response is deficient, an unchecked B-cell proliferation
can result in lymphoma.

A

Burkitt’s

50
Q

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

(i.e., Mycosis Fungoides) is an HTLV1-promoted helper-inducer T-
cell malignancy. This lymphoma is associated with a lymphocytosis of Sezary cells.

A

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

51
Q

smudgey poorly defined patches and plaques

A

cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
M. fungoides

52
Q

is the most common cutaneous
lymphoma.

A

M. fungoides

53
Q

characteristic cerebriform nuclei

A

Sezary cells

MTAP 2nd Semester (9 decks)

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