MSK/PERIPHERAL VASC/ LYMPHATIC Flashcards
What is contracture?
A condition in which muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin become permanently shortened or stiffened, leading to restricted joint movement. It often results from prolonged immobility, scarring, or neuromuscular disorders
What is cicumduction?
moving arm in circle around the shoulder
List the 6 shoulder ROM with degree ranges.
- Forward flexion: 180 degrees
- hyperextension: up to 50 degrees
- Internal rotation: 90 degrees
- Abduction: 180 degrees
- Adduction: 50 degrees
- External rotation: 90 degrees
List the 4 elbow ROM with degree ranges.
- Flexion 150-160 degrees
- Extension at 0 degrees (can be 5-10 degrees extension OR hyperextension)
3&4. pronation/supination: 90 degrees
List the 4 wrist ROM with degree ranges.
- Hyperextension: 70 degrees
- Palmar flexion: 90 degrees
- Ulnar deviation: 50-60 degrees
- Radial deviation: 20 degrees
List the 6 hip ROM with degree ranges. (added 7th from textbook)
- Flexion (knee straight): 90 degrees
- Flexion (knee bent): 120 degrees
- Internal rotation: 40 degrees
- External rotation: 45 degrees
- Abduction: 40-45 degrees
- Adduction: 20-30 degrees
- Hyperextension: 15 degrees (when stabilized)
What are the degrees for the two knee ROM?
Flexion: 130-150 degrees
Straight leg: 0 degrees, hyperextension up to 15 degrees
List the 5 ankle ROM with degrees.
- Plantar flexion: 45 degrees
- Dorsiflexion: 20 degrees
- Eversion: 20 degrees
- Inversion: 30 degrees
- Toe flexion/extension:
How is strength documented in ROM
Strength grade:
5: full ROM against gravity, full resistance
4: Full ROM against gravity, some resistance
3: Full ROM with gravity
2: Full ROM with gravity eliminated (passive)
1: slight contraction
0: no contraction
What are nonsynovial joints?
bones are united by fibrous tissue or cartilage and are immovable (ex. sutures of skull) or only slightly movable (ex. vertebrae)
What are synovial joints?
freely movable because the bones are separated from each other and enclosed in a joint cavity
What are ligaments?
fibrous bands connecting bone to bone that support joints
What are two things that support and cushion a synovial joint allowing for free movement?
synovial fluid and cartilage
What are bursa?
enclosed sac filled with viscous synovial fluid located in areas of potential friction
T or F: muscles account for 40-50% of the body weight.
True
What attaches skeletal muscle to a bone?
tendon
How many vertebrae are in each vertebral column?
cervical- 7
thoracic- 12
lumbar 5
sacral- 5
coccyx- 3-4
What vertebral landmark aligns with the iliac crest?
L4
What vertebral level aligns with the inferior angle of the scapula?
T7/T8
Risk factors for decreased bone density:
- prolonged use of glucocorticoids
-smoking - high alcohol intake
-low body weight
-Rheumatoid arthritis
What are the 6 types of joints?
- Hinge (ex. elbow, kee, interphalangeal)
- Pivot (ex. radioulnar joint)
- Saddle (ex. thumb)
- Plane (ex. hands and feet)
- Condylar (ex. wrist)
- Ball and socket (ex. shoulder, hip)
Where is the carotid artery?
between sternomastoid muscle and trachea
Where is the brachial pulse?
medial to bicep tendon within the ACF
Where is the radial pulse?
distal aspect of wrist on thumb side (radial side)
