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Memorize for 2nd Year Exams > MSK II > Flashcards

MSK II Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of paediatric Monteggia/Galeazzi #?

A

Anatomic reduction and rigid fixation with plates and screws

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2
Q

Nerve injury in supracondylar #?

A

Median nerve

Patient can’t make “OK” sign due to loss of FDS and FDP to the index

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3
Q

Describe the treatment of femoral fractures in each of the following age groups

  1. Less than 2
  2. 2-6
  3. 6-12
  4. Older than 12
A
  1. Gallows traction + hip spica cast
  2. Thomas splint or hip spica cast
  3. Flexible intramedullary nail
  4. Adult type intramedullary nail
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4
Q

Swelling on palmar surface around PIPJ of index and middle finger = ?
What is seen on histology?

A

Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath

Multinucleate giant cells and haemosiderin

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5
Q

Treatment of trigger finger?

A

Injection of steroid

If recurrent do surgery to excise the pulley - does not affect function

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6
Q

Why is it important to get flexor tendon injuries moving quickly after injury?

A

FDS and FDP run in the same synovial sheath - doesn’t take much for them to adhere to each other and cause stiffness

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7
Q

How do you test FDP?

A

Hold finger straight at PIPJ and bend fingertip

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8
Q

How do you test FDS?

A

Hold other fingers straight and flex affected finger

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9
Q

What is trephination?

A

Making a hole in the nail with heat

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10
Q

Treatment of fight bite?

A

Wash out in theatre - mouth organisms can cause nasty infection

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11
Q

Dislocation of which joint in the hand is very susceptible to stiffness?

A

PIP - reduce it ASAP

Patient will be stiff and swollen for at least a few months after

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12
Q

What is a Bennet #?

A 
# of base of 1st MCP extending to the CMCJ
Intra-articular and almost always accompanied by some degree of subluxation or frank dislocation of CMCJ
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13
Q

What is escharotomy?

A

Removal of thick leathery skin after burn

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14
Q

No chance in hypotension + chest injury = ?

A

Cardiac tamponade

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15
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of SIRS?

A

Pyrexia
Tachycardia
Tachypnoea
Leukocytosis

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16
Q

What happens when there is excessive movement at a fracture site?

A

Hypertrophic non-union

17
Q

Treatment of an acetabulum fracture in an older patient?

A

THR

18
Q

Why are extra articular distal femoral fractures unstable?

Treatment?

A

Pull of gasrocnemii muscles forces distal segment into flexed position
Thomas splint
If not too distal can use intramedullary nail

19
Q

What should you consider in grossly unstable knee with torn LCL and PCL?

A

Momentary knee dislocation

20
Q

Where is there tenderness in patellar dislocation, and why is this?

A

Over medial retinaculum

Medial patellofemoral ligament is torn

21
Q

What leg injury can direct blow from car bumper cause?

A

Proximal fibular #

Injury to common peroneal nerve with foot drop

22
Q

What is the slowest healing long bone?

A

Tibia - 16 weeks

23
Q

Which criteria is used to identify suspected ankle #?

A

Ottawa criteria

24
Q

Medial tenderness and bruising of the ankle = ?

A

Ruptured deltoid ligament

25
Q

Treatment of a displaced but simple Colles #?

A

MUA

26
Q

Treatment of any Smith’s #?

A

ORIF with plates + screws

27
Q

What are the two types of Barton’s #?

A

Volar Barton’s # = intra-articular Smith’s #

Dorsal Barton’s # = intra-articular Colles #

28
Q

High energy trauma resulting in hyper-dorsiflexion = ?

A

Peri-lunate dislocation

29
Q

Spilt cup sign on x-ray = ?

A

Lunar dislocation

30
Q

Terry Tomas sign on x-ray = ?

A

Increased gap between scaphoid and lunate - occurs when scapho-lunate ligaments rupture
Sign of scapho-lunate dislocation

31
Q

What is neurapraxia?

A

Temporary conduction defect from compression or stretch

Resolves with full recovery - up to 28 days

32
Q

What is axonotmesis?

A

Sustained compression of nerve or high degree of force
Internal structure is preserved but axons distal to the point of injury die
Axons regenerate 1mm per day
Recovery is variable and full power/sensation may not be achieved

33
Q

What is neurotmesis?

A

Complete transection of a nerve

No recover will occur unless affected nerve is surgically repaired and even then recovery is variable

34
Q

Sunray spectuloma

A

Osteosarcoma

35
Q

Onion peel sign

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

Memorize for 2nd Year Exams (13 decks)

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