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Memorize for 2nd Year Exams > Buzzwords > Flashcards

Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

“Orphan Annie” Nuclei

A

Papillary thyroid cancer

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2
Q

Psammoma bodies

A

Papillary thyroid carcinomas

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3
Q

Anosmia and isolated GnRH deficiency

A

Kallmann’s syndrome

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4
Q

Brachydactyly of the 4th metacarpal

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

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5
Q

Pencil-in-cup X-ray appearance, sausage fingers

A

Psoriatic Arthritis

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6
Q

“Feels like walking on pebbles”

A

Advanced rheumatoid arthritis in the feet - subluxation of the metatarsophalangeal joints

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7
Q

Foot drop

A

Common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)

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8
Q

Hanging rope sign

A

AVN

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9
Q

Pain in internal rotation and extension of knee at 90 degree

A

Lateral meniscal tear

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10
Q

Dry eyes, mouth, vagina, bronchitis

A

Sicca Synd. (no infiltration) (no signs of arthritis)

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11
Q

Shortened leg and internally rotated

A

→ Dislocated femoral head

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12
Q

“Onion-peel” sign

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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13
Q

“Sunray” spiculation

A

Osteosarcoma

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14
Q

“Popcorn calcification” on X Ray

A

Chondrosarcoma

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15
Q

Swollen, “woody” calves

A

Duchenne or Becker MD

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16
Q

“Hatchet-like” face

A

Myotonic Dystrophy

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17
Q

Rosary Bead sign

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

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18
Q

“shepherd’s crook” deformity

A

Fibrous dysplasia

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19
Q

Sea anemone

A

Transitional cell carcinoma on cystoscopy

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20
Q

UTI + Travel to India

A

Carbapenase-producing Klebsiella (Resistant to all antibiotics)

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21
Q

UTI with foul smelling urine and renal calculi

A

Proteus sp.

22
Q

Beading of the renal artery

A

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

23
Q

RBC casts in urine

A

Proves haematuria is glomerular

24
Q

“Muddy brown casts” of epithelial cells

A

→ Acute tubular necrosis

25
Q

Saddle nose

26
Q

Apple-green birefringence on Congo Red stain

A

Amyloidosis

27
Q

BUFALO (sepsis 6 bundle)

A 
B Blood cultures / any other relevant cultures e.g. stool
U Urine output measurement
F IV Fluids
A Antibiotics
L LDH (lactase dehydrogenase) and FBC
O high flow O2
28
Q

Antibiotic for MSRA

A

Vancomycin or Teicoplanin

29
Q

Antibiotic for CAP (CURB 0-2)

A

Amoxicillin (if penicillin allergic, use doxycycline)

30
Q

Antibiotic for CAP (3 or more)

A

IV Co-amoxiclav + IV Clarithromycin

31
Q

Antibiotic for Intra-abdominal sepsis

A

IV amox + metronidazole + gentamicin

32
Q

Antibiotic for Recurrent/relapse C. Difficile

A

Fidaxomicin

33
Q

Antibiotic for C. difficile (mild)

A

Metronidazole

34
Q

Antibiotic for C. difficile (severe)

A

ORAL Vancomycin (ONLY TIME YOU EVER USE ORAL VANC - you want it to stay in the gut)

35
Q

Antibiotic for Pneumocystis carinii (HIV patients getting pneumonia)

A

Co-trimoxazole

36
Q

Antibiotic for Epiglottitis (h. influenzae)

A

Ceftriaxone

37
Q

Failure to adduct and nystagmus in abducting eye

A

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia - issue with medial longitudinal fasciculus

38
Q

New vessels and haemorrhage in eye

39
Q

Pinpoint pupils

A

Pontine issue

40
Q

Dilated pupils

A

Trans-calcarine fracture

41
Q

Eye down and out not dilated

42
Q

Roth spots

A

Infective endocarditis

43
Q

Brushfield spots

A

Down syndrome

44
Q
  1. ‘Scrambled egg’/’egg yolk’ appearance of the macula
A

Best disease

45
Q
  1. Loss of corneal reflex (+ sensorineural hearing loss, vertigo and tinnitus)
A

Acoustic neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma). Assoc. w/NF-II

46
Q

Trisomy 18

A

Edward’s syndrome

47
Q

Trisomy 13

48
Q

ADHD triad

A

HYPERACTIVE, INATTENTIVE, IMPULSIVE. Rx: methylphenidate or atomoxetine

49
Q

Form of autism where there only a problem with social communication

50
Q

Treatment of hyperkalaemia with normal ECG?

A

Calcium resonium

Memorize for 2nd Year Exams (13 decks)

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