MSK/DERM Flashcards
NSAID that irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2)
Aspirin
Low dose (< 300 mg/day): platelet aggregation. Intermediate dose (300–2400 mg/day): antipyretic and analgesic. High dose (2400–4000 mg/day): anti-inflammatory.
Aspirin
Gastric ulceration, tinnitus (CN VIII). Chronic use can lead to acute renal failure, interstitial
nephritis, GI bleeding. Risk of Reye syndrome in children treated with aspirin for viral infection.
ASA
Causes respiratory alkalosis early, but transitions to mixed metabolic acidosis-respiratory alkalosis.
ASA
Reversibly inhibits specifically the cyclooxygenase (COX) isoform 2,
Celecoxib
helps maintain gastric mucosa.
Cox 1
found in
inflammatory cells and vascular endothelium and mediates inflammation and pain;
Cox 2
spares
COX-1, which helps maintain gastric mucosa.
Celecoxib
Spares platelet function as TXA2 production is dependent on COX-1.
Celecoxib
Ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, ketorolac, diclofenac, meloxicam, piroxicam.
NSAIDS
Reversibly inhibit cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2). Block prostaglandin synthesis.
NSAIDS
Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory. Indomethacin is used to close a PDA.
NSAIDS
inhibit leukotriene receptor
montelukast, zafirlukast
Reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase, mostly in the CNS
acetaminophen
inhibits chemotaxis, phagocytosis and degranulation. Also reduces formation of LTB4
colchicine
inhibit leukotriene synthesis
zileuton
inhibit phospholipase A 2
glucocorticoids (corticosteroids)
increase bronchial tone
leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4)
increase neutrophil chemotaxis
LTB4
decrease platelet aggregation
PGI2
decrease vascular tone
prostacyclin, prostaglandin
increase uterine tone
PGE2, PGF2A
Increase platelet aggregation and increase vascular tone
TXA2
Antipyretic, analgesic, but not anti-inflammatory. Used instead of aspirin to avoid Reye syndrome
in children with viral infection.
acetaminophen
N-acetylcysteine is antidote—regenerates glutathione
acetaminophen overdose
Reversibly inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, preventing pyrimidine synthesis. Suppresses
T-cell proliferation
leflunomide
Pyrophosphate analogs; bind hydroxyapatite in bone, inhibiting osteoclast activity.
Bisphosphonates
Alendronate, ibandronate, risedronate, zoledronate.
Bisphosphonates
Recombinant PTH analog given subcutaneously daily. increase osteoblastic activity
Teriparatide
Recombinant uricase that catalyzes metabolism of uric acid to allantoin.
rasburicase
All____________ predispose to infection, including reactivation of latent TB, since TNF is
important in granuloma formation and stabilization
TNF-α inhibitors
Fusion protein (receptor for TNF-α + IgG1 Fc), produced by recombinant DNA.
entanercept
anti-TNF alpha monoclonal Antibody
infliximab, adalimumab
Competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
decrease conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine to
urate.
allopurinol
Inhibits xanthine oxidase.
febuxostat
Recombinant uricase that catalyzes metabolism
of uric acid to allantoin (a more water-soluble
product).
pegloticase
Inhibits reabsorption of uric acid in proximal
convoluted tubule (also inhibits secretion of
penicillin). Can precipitate uric acid calculi.
probenecid
Naproxen, indomethacin.
Do not give salicylates; all but the highest
doses depress uric acid clearance. Even high
doses (5–6 g/day) have only minor uricosuric
activity.
NSAIDS
acute gout drugs
NSAIDS, glucocorticoids, colchicine
Binds and stabilizes tubulin to inhibit
microtubule polymerization, impairing
neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation.
Acute and prophylactic value. GI side effects.
colchicine
PABA esters are used on what type of UV radiation?
UVB only
What is a major cause of sunburns?
UVB
what causes skin photo agin, photo carcinogenesis, UVR induced immunosuppression, histologic skin damage?
UVB
