MSK Assessment Flashcards
Kyphosis
over curvature of thoracic vertebrae
Lordosis
over curvature of lumbar?
Gibbus
A sharp angle deformity associated with a collapsed vertebra from osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis
- insidious
- pain relieved at rest
- noninflammatory effusions can cause swelling
- coarse crackles/crepitus
- bony joint enlargement from osteophytes
Rheumatoid Arthritis
- gradual, can be sudden
- pronounced morning stiffness
- pain persists with rest
- pronounced weakness
- severe fatigue and depression
- tenderness over joint
- symmetric swelling
- fine crepitus
Ottawa Ankle Rule
-must be pain in malleolus
+ 1 of the following:
-pain along distal 6cm of posterior edge of the fibula or tip of lateral malleolus
-pain along distal 6cm of posterior edge of the tibia or tip of the medial malleolus
-inability to bear weight for four steps both immediately after the injury and in the ED
Sports Injury (Neurovascular Assessment)
Distal to injury site concerns for emergency:
- color: pallor or cyanotic
- temp: cool
- cap refill: >4 seconds
- swelling: significant
- pain: mod-severe
- sensation: numbness, tingling, pins and needles
- movement: decreased or none
Sports Injury Risk Factors
- Poor physical conditioning
- failure to warm up muscles
- intensity of competition
- collision and contact
- rapid growth
- overuse of joints
Neer Test
- forward flex arm 150 degrees while depressing the scapula
- increased shoulder pain = rotator cuff inflammation or a tear
Hawkins Kennedy Test
- abduct the shoulder to 90 degrees
- flex the elbow to 90 degrees
- internally rotate the arm to its limit
- increased shoulder pain = rotator cuff inflammation or a tear
Lachman Test
evaluates anterior cruciate ligament integrity; patient supine, flex the knee 10-15 degrees with heel on table, stabilize femur, pull anteriorly
Phalen’s Test
tests carpal tunnel (median nerve integrity)
Tinel Sign
tests carpal tunnel (median nerve integrity)
Straight Leg Raise
lying supine, raise the leg with knee extended; pain below the knee = disc herniation; relieved by flexing the knee; crossover pain = sciatic pinch
Barlow-Ortolani Maneuver
detects hip dislocation or subluxation in infants
