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NPTE > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder Abductor Muscle Substitution

A
  • Scapular Stabilizers
    • Reverse Scapulothoracic Rhythm
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2
Q

Hip Flexors Muscle Substitution

A
  • Lower Abdominals
  • Lwer Obliques
  • Hip Adductors
  • Latissimus Dorsi
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3
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

II

A
  • Entire Epiphysis and Portion of Metaphysis
  • Caused by shear or avulsion w/ angular force
  • Most common type
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4
Q

Common Sites of Fractures

A
  • Thoracic/Lumbar Spine
  • Femoral Neck
  • Proximal Humerus
  • Proximal Tibia
  • Pevis
  • Distal Radius
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5
Q

Visceral Referral Pain from Esophagus

A

Midback

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6
Q

Common Areas of TOS

A
  • Superior thoracic outlet
  • Scalene triangle
  • Between clavicle and first rub
  • Between pectoralis minor and thoracic wall
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7
Q

Medial Collateral Ligament

A
  • Posterior fibers blend w/ capsule
  • Taut in extension
  • Slackened in flexion
  • Prevents ER
  • Runs in same direction as ACL
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8
Q

Scoliosis Treatment

Conservative

A

Curvature >25

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9
Q

Visceral Referral Pain from Midthoracic Spine Pain

A

Esophageal Pain

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10
Q

Bankart’s Lesion

A

Avulsion of anteroinferior capsule

and ligaments associated w/ glenoid rim

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11
Q

Typical Coupling Patterns

Femur

A
  • Femur ER and Tibia ER
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12
Q

Visceral Referral Pain from Colon, Appendix, or Pelvic Viscera

A

Pelvis, Low Back, or Sacrum

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13
Q

Scoliosis Treatment

Surgery

A

Curvature >45

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14
Q

Visceral Referral Pain from Liver, Diaphragm, or Pericardium

A

Shoulder

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15
Q

Hill-Sachs Lesion

A

Compression fracture of posterior humeral head

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16
Q

Internal (Posterior) Impingment

A

Irritation between rotator cuff

and greater tuberosity or posterior glenoid and labrum

17
Q

Visceral Referral Pain from Gallbladder, Stomach, Pancreas, Small Intestine

A

Midback/Scapular Regions

18
Q

Pectoralis Major Muscle Substitution

A
  • Long Head of Biceps
  • Coracobracialis
  • Anterior Deltoid
19
Q

Typical Coupling Patterns

Lumbar Spine

A
  • Lumbar Flexion and Ilial Posterior Rotation
  • Lumbar Extension and Ilial Anterior Rotation
20
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

III

A
  • Portion of Epiphysis
  • Occurs when growth plate is partially fused
  • Rare, most common in distal tibia of adolescents
21
Q

Scoliosis Treatment

Bracing

A

Curvature 25-45

22
Q

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

A
  • Attaches to anterior intercondylar fossa of tibia to medial aspect of lateral condyle of femur
  • Limits forward gliding of tibia on femur
  • IR of tibia during flexion
23
Q

Typical Coupling Patterns

Fibula

A
  • Supination of Foot and Cranial/Anterior Glide of Fibular Head
24
Q

Typical Coupling Patterns

Tibia

A
  • Tibial ER and Upward glide of talus/Supination of foot
25
Q

Hip Extensor Muscle Substitution

A
  • Lower Back Extensors
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Quadratus Lumborum
26
Q

Typical Coupling Patterns

Pelvis

A
  • Unilateral Ilial Posterior Rotation and Hip ER
27
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

I

A
  • Entire Epiphysis
  • Caused by shearing, torsion, or avulsion forces
28
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

IV

A
  • Similar to Type III
  • Common in distal humerus
29
Q

Femoral Angle of Inclination

A
  • Normal: 115-125
  • Coxa Valga: >125
  • Coxa Vara: <115
30
Q

Myositis Ossificans

A
  • Abnormal calcification w/in muscle belly
  • Common locations:
    • Quadriceps
    • Brachialis
    • Biceps Brachii
31
Q

Hip Abductor Muscle Substitution

A
  • Lateral Trunk Muscles
  • TFL
32
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

V

A
  • Compression injury of epiphyseal plate
  • Compression or cursh injury
  • No epiphyseal or metaphyseal fracture
33
Q

Requirements for full shoulder elevation

A
  • Scapular Stabilization
  • Inferior glide of humerus
  • ER of humerus
  • Rotation of clavicle at SC
  • Scapular abduction and lateral rotation of AC joint
  • Straightening of thoracic kyphosis
34
Q

SLAP Leison

A

Tearing of superior glenoid labrum from anterior to posterior

35
Q

Lateral Collateral Ligament

A
  • Taut in extension
  • Slackened in flexion
  • Prevents ER
  • Runs same direction as PCL
36
Q

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

A
  • Attaches to posterior intercondylar fossa of tibia and lateral surface of femoral medial condyle
  • Limits posterior displacement of tibia on femur
37
Q

Femoral Neck Angle

A
  • Anteriorly 10-15
    • Anteversion: >25-30
    • Retroversion: <10
38
Q

Finger Flexion Muscle Substitution

A
  • Contraction of Wrist Extensors
    • Tenodesis
39
Q

Most Common GH Dislocation

A

Anterior-Inferior Direction

NPTE (19 decks)

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