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MSK 3 Flashcards

1
Q

State Hilton’s law

A

The nerves crossing a joint supply the muscles acting on that joint

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2
Q

Is the superior tibiofibular joint synovial/ fibrous

A

Synovial

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3
Q

Is the inferior tibiofibular joint synovial/ fibrous

A

Fibrous

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4
Q

What ligaments connect the tibia + fibula

A

-superior tibiofibular
-inferior tibiofibular
-interosseous membrane

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5
Q

What ligaments stabilise the ankle joint

A

medial(deltoid) + lateral collateral ligaments

Medial/ deltoid
(medial malleolus –> navicular tuberosity/ medial tuberosity of talus, sustentaculum tali of calcaneus)

lateral
(lateral malleolus–> anterior talofibular/ posterior talofibular/ calcaneofibular)

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6
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

-biceps femoris (long/ short heads)
-semimembranosus
-semitendinosus

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7
Q

What is the common origin for the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

Ischial tuberosity

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8
Q

what is the most lateral muscle in the posterior compartment (thigh)

A

Biceps femoris

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9
Q

Insertion of the biceps femoris

A

both heads= head of fibula

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10
Q

Which muscle in the posterior compartment of the thigh does not originate from the ischial tuberosity

A

Short head of biceps femoris

(linea aspera)

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11
Q

Which muscles in the thigh are innervated by the common peroneal nerve

A

-short head biceps femoris

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12
Q

Which muscles in the thigh are innervated by the tibial nerve

A

-hamstring part of adductor magnus
-long head of biceps femoris
-semitendinosus
-semimembranosus

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13
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve

A

L4-S3

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14
Q

Which muscles cause extension of hip + knee flexion

A

all hamstrings

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15
Q

which muscles cause extension + lateral rotation of hip

A

biceps femoris

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16
Q

which muscles cause extension + medial rotation of hip

A

-semi tendinosus/membranosus

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17
Q

how many compartments are in the leg

A

3 compartments:
-anterior
-posterior
-lateral

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment

A

Deep peroneal nerve

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19
Q

What artery supplies the anterior compartment

A

Anterior tibial artery

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20
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg

A

(Superficial-deep)
-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Extensor hallucis longus
-Peroneous tertius

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21
Q

O/I of tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral tibial surface
I: medial cueniform + metatarsal 1

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22
Q

Action of tibialis anterior

A

Inversion and dorsiflexion of foot

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23
Q

O/I of extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: distal phalanges of each 4 toes

24
Q

O/I of extensor hallucis longus

A

O: medial aspect of fibula
I: distal phalanx of great toe

25
which muscles cause dorsiflexion and extension of the toes
extensor digitorum/ hallucis longus
26
What are the muscles in the lateral compartment
-fibularis longus -fibularis brevis
27
What is the more superficial muscle in the lateral compartment
fibularis longus
28
O/I of fibularis longus
O: lateral surface of fibula + lateral tibial condyle I: medial cueniform + base of 1st metatarsal
29
O/I of fibularis brevis
O: inferolateral aspect of fibula I: base of 5th metatarsal
30
Tendons of which muscles pass posterior to the lateral malleolus
-fibularis longus + brevis
31
what actions does the fibularis longus give
-eversion -plantarflexion -supports lateral + transverse foot arches
32
What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg
superficial: -gastrocnemius -soleus -plantaris deep: -popliteus -flexor digitorum longus -flexor hallucis longus -tibialis posterior
33
what nerve innervates the posterior compartment muscles of the leg
tibial nerve
34
O/I of gastrocnemius
O: medial + lateral femoral condyles I: calcaneal tendon
35
O/I of soleus
O: soleal line of tibia I: calcaneal tendon
36
O/I of plantaris
O: lateral femoral supracondylar line I: calcaneal tendon
37
which muscle has O: medial femoral condyle I: lateral tibia (just above soleus origin)
Popliteus
38
T/F: popliteus makes up the roof of the popliteal fossa
FALSE: forms the FLOOR of the popliteal fossa
39
which muscles make up the calcaneal tendon
-gastroc -soleus -plantaris
40
which muscle tendons pass posterior to the medial malleolus
-Tibialis posterior -flexor Digitorum longus -flexor Hallucis longus (Tom Dick & Harry)
41
O/I of tibialis posterior
O: posterior tibia + interosseous membrane I: plantar aspect of medial tarsal bones
42
O/I of flexor digitorum longus
O: posterior tibia I: plantar aspect of 4 toes
43
O/I of flexor hallucis longus
O: posterior fibula I: plantar aspect of great toe
44
What are the dynamic patella stabilizers
Anterior= Quads posterior= hamstrings medial/lateral= gastrocnemius
45
How many arches in the foot
3= 2xlongitudenal + transverse Longitudenal=medial + lateral
46
What ligaments support the medial longitudinal ligament
-spring ligament (plantar calcaneonavicular) -short ligament (plantar calcaneocuboidal) -interosseous (talocalcaneal) -deltoid (medial collateral) -plantar aponeurosis (deep plantar fascia)
47
Where does the adductor canal start/ end
Start: apex of femoral triangle/ where sartorius crosses adductor longus End: at adductor hiatus
48
Boundaries of adductor canal
lateral- vastus medialis medial- sartorius posterior- adductor longus/magnus
49
Contents of adductor canal
-superficial branch of femoral artery -femoral vein -saphenous nerve -nerve to vastus medialis
50
Which bones make up the medial and lateral longitudinal foot arches
medial: -calcaneus -talus -navicular -3 cuneiforms -medial 3 metatarsals lateral: -calcaneus -cuboid -4/5th metatarsals
51
which bones make up the transverse arch of the foot
metatarsal heads
52
what is the sensory distribution of the iliohypogastric nerve
above pubis + lateral gluteal regions (like shape of H)
53
what is the sensory distribution of the ilioINGUINAL nerve
Mons pubis, perineum, inguinal ligament, medial/ inner thigh (like bottom half of I)
54
what is the sensory distribution of the saphenous nerve
medial aspect of lower leg + medial malleolus
55
what is the sensory distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
upper lateral thigh

MRCS (22 decks)

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