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MRCS > MSK 3 > Flashcards

MSK 3 Flashcards

1
Q

State Hilton’s law

A

The nerves crossing a joint supply the muscles acting on that joint

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2
Q

Is the superior tibiofibular joint synovial/ fibrous

A

Synovial

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3
Q

Is the inferior tibiofibular joint synovial/ fibrous

A

Fibrous

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4
Q

What ligaments connect the tibia + fibula

A

-superior tibiofibular
-inferior tibiofibular
-interosseous membrane

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5
Q

What ligaments stabilise the ankle joint

A

medial(deltoid) + lateral collateral ligaments

Medial/ deltoid
(medial malleolus –> navicular tuberosity/ medial tuberosity of talus, sustentaculum tali of calcaneus)

lateral
(lateral malleolus–> anterior talofibular/ posterior talofibular/ calcaneofibular)

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6
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

-biceps femoris (long/ short heads)
-semimembranosus
-semitendinosus

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7
Q

What is the common origin for the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

Ischial tuberosity

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8
Q

what is the most lateral muscle in the posterior compartment (thigh)

A

Biceps femoris

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9
Q

Insertion of the biceps femoris

A

both heads= head of fibula

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10
Q

Which muscle in the posterior compartment of the thigh does not originate from the ischial tuberosity

A

Short head of biceps femoris

(linea aspera)

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11
Q

Which muscles in the thigh are innervated by the common peroneal nerve

A

-short head biceps femoris

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12
Q

Which muscles in the thigh are innervated by the tibial nerve

A

-hamstring part of adductor magnus
-long head of biceps femoris
-semitendinosus
-semimembranosus

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13
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve

A

L4-S3

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14
Q

Which muscles cause extension of hip + knee flexion

A

all hamstrings

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15
Q

which muscles cause extension + lateral rotation of hip

A

biceps femoris

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16
Q

which muscles cause extension + medial rotation of hip

A

-semi tendinosus/membranosus

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17
Q

how many compartments are in the leg

A

3 compartments:
-anterior
-posterior
-lateral

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment

A

Deep peroneal nerve

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19
Q

What artery supplies the anterior compartment

A

Anterior tibial artery

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20
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg

A

(Superficial-deep)
-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Extensor hallucis longus
-Peroneous tertius

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21
Q

O/I of tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral tibial surface
I: medial cueniform + metatarsal 1

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22
Q

Action of tibialis anterior

A

Inversion and dorsiflexion of foot

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23
Q

O/I of extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: distal phalanges of each 4 toes

24
Q

O/I of extensor hallucis longus

A

O: medial aspect of fibula
I: distal phalanx of great toe

25
Q

which muscles cause dorsiflexion and extension of the toes

A

extensor digitorum/ hallucis longus

26
Q

What are the muscles in the lateral compartment

A

-fibularis longus
-fibularis brevis

27
Q

What is the more superficial muscle in the lateral compartment

A

fibularis longus

28
Q

O/I of fibularis longus

A

O: lateral surface of fibula + lateral tibial condyle
I: medial cueniform + base of 1st metatarsal

29
Q

O/I of fibularis brevis

A

O: inferolateral aspect of fibula
I: base of 5th metatarsal

30
Q

Tendons of which muscles pass posterior to the lateral malleolus

A

-fibularis longus + brevis

31
Q

what actions does the fibularis longus give

A

-eversion
-plantarflexion
-supports lateral + transverse foot arches

32
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg

A

superficial:
-gastrocnemius
-soleus
-plantaris

deep:
-popliteus
-flexor digitorum longus
-flexor hallucis longus
-tibialis posterior

33
Q

what nerve innervates the posterior compartment muscles of the leg

A

tibial nerve

34
Q

O/I of gastrocnemius

A

O: medial + lateral femoral condyles
I: calcaneal tendon

35
Q

O/I of soleus

A

O: soleal line of tibia
I: calcaneal tendon

36
Q

O/I of plantaris

A

O: lateral femoral supracondylar line
I: calcaneal tendon

37
Q

which muscle has
O: medial femoral condyle
I: lateral tibia (just above soleus origin)

A

Popliteus

38
Q

T/F: popliteus makes up the roof of the popliteal fossa

A

FALSE: forms the FLOOR of the popliteal fossa

39
Q

which muscles make up the calcaneal tendon

A

-gastroc
-soleus
-plantaris

40
Q

which muscle tendons pass posterior to the medial malleolus

A

-Tibialis posterior
-flexor Digitorum longus
-flexor Hallucis longus

(Tom Dick & Harry)

41
Q

O/I of tibialis posterior

A

O: posterior tibia + interosseous membrane

I: plantar aspect of medial tarsal bones

42
Q

O/I of flexor digitorum longus

A

O: posterior tibia

I: plantar aspect of 4 toes

43
Q

O/I of flexor hallucis longus

A

O: posterior fibula

I: plantar aspect of great toe

44
Q

What are the dynamic patella stabilizers

A

Anterior= Quads
posterior= hamstrings
medial/lateral= gastrocnemius

45
Q

How many arches in the foot

A

3= 2xlongitudenal + transverse

Longitudenal=medial + lateral

46
Q

What ligaments support the medial longitudinal ligament

A

-spring ligament (plantar calcaneonavicular)
-short ligament (plantar calcaneocuboidal)
-interosseous (talocalcaneal)
-deltoid (medial collateral)
-plantar aponeurosis (deep plantar fascia)

47
Q

Where does the adductor canal start/ end

A

Start: apex of femoral triangle/ where sartorius crosses adductor longus

End: at adductor hiatus

48
Q

Boundaries of adductor canal

A

lateral- vastus medialis
medial- sartorius
posterior- adductor longus/magnus

49
Q

Contents of adductor canal

A

-superficial branch of femoral artery
-femoral vein
-saphenous nerve
-nerve to vastus medialis

50
Q

Which bones make up the medial and lateral longitudinal foot arches

A

medial:
-calcaneus
-talus
-navicular
-3 cuneiforms
-medial 3 metatarsals

lateral:
-calcaneus
-cuboid
-4/5th metatarsals

51
Q

which bones make up the transverse arch of the foot

A

metatarsal heads

52
Q

what is the sensory distribution of the iliohypogastric nerve

A

above pubis + lateral gluteal regions

(like shape of H)

53
Q

what is the sensory distribution of the ilioINGUINAL nerve

A

Mons pubis, perineum, inguinal ligament, medial/ inner thigh

(like bottom half of I)

54
Q

what is the sensory distribution of the saphenous nerve

A

medial aspect of lower leg + medial malleolus

55
Q

what is the sensory distribution of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

A

upper lateral thigh

MRCS (22 decks)

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