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MSK 2 Flashcards

1
Q

When do you get a claw hand

A

Damage to ulnar nerve at the WRIST

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2
Q

When would you damage the ulnar nerve but see NO DEFORMITY

A

Ulnar nerve injury at the elbow

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3
Q

Describe the ulnar paradox

A

Ulnar nerve injury at the ELBOW = no supply to lateral lumbricals in hand + no supply to lateral FDP = unopposed extension at MCP & DIPJ = straight ring & little fingers (no obvious deformity) BUT no ADD/ABDuction of fingers (no supply to dorsal + palmar interossei)

paradox = no deformity but also no function

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4
Q

How many extensor compartments are there in the forearm

A

2 = superficial + deep

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5
Q

Name the muscles in the superficial extensor compartment (lateral –> medial)

A

-brachioradialis
-extensor carpi radialis longus + brevis
-extensor digitorum
-extensor digiti minimi
-extensor carpi ulnaris
-anconeus

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6
Q

Name the muscles in the deep extensor compartment (lateral –> medial)

A

-supinator
-abductor pollicis longus
-extensor pollicis brevis
-extensor pollicis longus
-extensor indicis

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7
Q

Name the borders of the anatomical snuffbox

A

lateral = abductor pollicis longus + extensor pollicis brevis

medial = extensor pollicis longus

proximal = radial styloid

floor = scaphoid + trapezium (SCAT)

roof = skin

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8
Q

Contents of the anatomical snuffbox

A

Artery = radial
vein = cephalic
nerve = superficial branch of radial

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9
Q

Which nerve passess between the 2 head of the pronator teres

A

Median nerve

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10
Q

Between the 2 heads of which muscle does the radial nerve pass through in the forearm

A

Supinator

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11
Q

Name the carpal bones in the proximal row (lateral-medial)

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform

(Some Lovers TRI Positions)

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12
Q

Name the carpal bones in the distal row (lateral-medial)

A

Trapezium
Trapezioid
capitate
hamate

(That They Cant Handle)

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13
Q

Which carpal bone is at the base of the thumb

A

TrapeziUM (base of thUMb)

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14
Q

Describe a boxers fracture

A

Fracture of neck of the 4/5th metacarpal neck

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15
Q

MOI of boxers #

A

punching a hard surface with a closed fist

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16
Q

What is the name for a simple oblique intra-articular fracture of the base of the 1st metacarpal

A

Bennet’s #

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17
Q

Describe a Rolando’s #

A

Comminuted intra-articular # of the base of the 1st metacarpal bone

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18
Q

MOI of Bennet’s #

A

forced abduction of thumb

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19
Q

MOI of Rolando’s #

A

Axial load onto flexed thumb

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20
Q

What type of joints have a capsule

A

Synovial joints

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21
Q

what arteries supply the femoral head

A

Medial + lateral circumflex femoral

A small artery to the head of the femur

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22
Q

Which artery supplies the Medial + lateral circumflex femoral arteries

A

Profunda femoris artery

23
Q

Nerve supply of the hip joint

A

Femoral + sciatic nerves

24
Q

What extracapsular ligaments support the hip joint

A

Anterior= iliofemoral + pubofemoral

Posterior= ischiofemoral ligament

25
What intracapsular ligaments support the hip joint
Ligament of the head of the femur
26
What structures help stabilize the hip joint
-Ligaments -Labrum -deep acetabulum
27
What is DDH
Shallow acetabulum = easy dislocation of hip joint = leg length discrepancy + poor ABDuction of hip
28
What does Barlow test look for
Barlow's = if hip is easily dislocatable Test- hip and knee flexed at 90 deg- exert posterior force- medially rotate at hip +ve if hip joint dislocates
29
What does Ortalani's test look for
If the hip is dislocated this will reduce the joint Test- hip and knee flexed to 90 deg- exert anterior force- laterally rotate at hip joint +ve if joint clunks back into right position
30
Mx for DDH
Pavlik harness Surgery
31
What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus
Linea aspera
32
Nerve innervating gluteus maximus
INFERIOR gluteal nerve
33
What muscles are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve
-gluteus medius -minimus -tensor fascia lata
34
What is the fascia lata
Deep fascia covering the thigh
35
Fascia lata vs Tensor fascia lata
Fascia lata = deep fascia TSL= muscle in lateral aspect of thigh
36
What is the insertion/ origin of the ITT
Iliotibial band is thickening of the fascia lata origin= iliac tubercle on the crest insertion= lateral TIBIAL condyle
37
What are the external gluteal muscles
Gluteus max, medius, minimus, tensor fascia lata
38
What movements do the external gluteal muscles do
max= hip extension + lateral rotation medius/ mini/ TFL= abduction + medial rotation
39
What are the origin/ insertion of gluteus med/mini
Iliac crest to lesser trochanter
40
How many compartments are in the thigh
3: Anterior Posterior Medial
41
What are the muscles in the anterior compartment
-psoas major -iliacus -pectineus -sartorius -rectus femoris -vastus lateralis -v intermedius -v medialis
42
O/I of psoas major
O: L1-L3 I: lesser trochanter
43
O/I of iliacus
O: iliac crest I: lesser trochanter
44
nerve innervating muscles of anterior compartment
femoral nerve
45
nerve roots of femoral nerve
L2-L4
46
Muscles making up quadriceps femoris
rectus femoris + 3x vastus
47
what are the internal gluteal muscles (sup--> inferior)
-piriformis -gamellus superior -obturator internus -gemellus inferior -quadratus femoris
48
nerves innervating piriformis and gamellus superior
nerve to piriformis
49
what muscles does the nerve to obturator internus innervate
obturator internus gemellus inferior
50
nerve innervating quadratus femoris
nerve to quadratus femoris
51
what are the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh
-adductor magnus -adductor longus -adductor brevis -gracilis -obturator externus
52
nerves innervating medial thigh compartment
-obturator nerve -tibial branch of sciatic (hamstring part of adductor magnus)
53
O/I of adductor magnus
adductor part: O: inferior pubic ramus I: linea aspera hamstring part: O: ischial tuberosity I: adductor tubercle (on medial femoral condyle)
54
O/I of adductor longus/ brevis
longus O: inferior pubic ramus I: linea aspera brevis O: inferior pubic ramus I: linea aspera (proximal to longus)

MRCS (22 decks)

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