MSK 19

Question 1

What is Osteomyelitis?

Answer 1

An infection of the bone

Question 2

Osteomyelitis can be acute or chronic?

Answer 2

both

Question 3

Chronic osteomyelitis can leads to?

Answer 3

bone necrosis and subsequent chronic infections

Question 4

What are the types of osteomyelitis?

Answer 4

2
Hematogenous.
Contiguous.

Question 5

what is Hematogenous osteomyelitis?

Answer 5

infection originate from blood then goes to bone

Question 6

What is contiguous osteomyelitis?

Answer 6

by touching

i) Without muscular sufficiency
ii) With vascular sufficiency

Question 7

Haematogenous osteomyelitis in “children” causes which bone?

Answer 7

Femur, Tibia

Question 8

Haematogenous osteomyelitis in “elderly” causes which bone?

Answer 8

Vertebra

Question 9

What is Contiguous osteomyelitis

Answer 9

caused by polymicrobials or multiple pathogen

Question 10

vascular insufficiency common for which patients?

Vascular insufficiency=trouble coming back blood from leg to heart.

Answer 10

diabetics & PVD (peripheral vascular disease)

Question 11

What is the common pathogens cause Osteomyelitis?

Answer 11

Staphylococcus Aureus

Question 12

What is Coagulase negative staphylococci?

Answer 12

Staphylococcus epiderma-titis (which means staph bacteria that usually leaves on your skin)

Question 13

Risk factors for osteomyelitis?

Answer 13

Poor vascularity
Immunocompromised 
IV drug users
Catheters users
Sickle cell disease
Trauma

Question 14

What is the Diagnosis of osteomyelitis?

Answer 14

Bone biopsy
Lab tests WBC ESR CRP
X-ray, MRI, CT

Question 15

What is the treatment of acute osteomyelitis?

Answer 15

Acute:
Empiric IV antibiotics
Flucloxacillin (if resistance)
vancomycin IV

Chronic:
Often require surgery
same antibiotics but duration woul be longer like 6-12 weeks

Question 16

What is the monitoring for osteomyelitis?

Answer 16

Fever
lab
Liver
Kidney

Question 17

Glucocorticoids can increase in your blood what?

Answer 17

WBC

Question 18

What is Septic arthritis?

Answer 18

Infection of joint

Question 19

Pathogenesis of Septic arthritis?

Answer 19

From blood
Trauma
Pre-existing bony infection
and bacteria enters joints and prduce inflammation to synovial membrane as a result cartilage breakdown

Question 20

Risk factors for septic arthritis

Answer 20

gout or OA or RA
80 years of age or older
Diabetes
joint surgery

Question 21

What are the symptoms of Septic arthritis?

Answer 21

Pain
Swelling
Tenderness
Common“Knee joints”

Question 22

How to Diagnosis septic arthritis?

Answer 22

Synovial fluid culture

Question 23

Treatment of Septic arthritis?

Answer 23

flucloxacillin IV but shorter period of time 2-4 weeks

if resistance Vencomycin IV

Question 24

What is reactive arthritis?

Answer 24

develops soon after or during an infection somewhere else in the body

Most common in men 20-50 years old

Question 25

What are the suspected Pathogenies of reactive arthritis?

Answer 25

Gram negative bacteria
Salmonella
Shigella

Question 26

How you will diagnose Reactive arthritis?

Answer 26

Gene HLA-B27 test

Question 27

Treatment of Reactive arthritis?

Answer 27

Start with NSAIDS
Glucocorticoids
DMARD i.e. sulfasalazine or methotrexate
TNF alpha inhibitor