MSK

Question 1

why do skeletal and muscular tissue have a higher potential for healing?

Answer 1

due to their high vasculature

Question 2

what is the function of cartilage?

Answer 2

allows bones to slide over one another

Question 3

what is the function of tendons?

Answer 3

Connect muscles to bones

Question 4

what is the function of ligaments?

Answer 4

Connect bone to bone to stabilize joints, limits movement

Question 5

what is the function of bursae?

Answer 5

Fluid filled sacs that cushions bones that might rub against each other

Question 6

what is the function of meniscus?

Answer 6

Cartilage disc between bones, absorbs shock

Question 7

what is the function of fascia?

Answer 7

Sheets that line and protect muscles, attach muscle to bone, provide structure

Question 8

define flexion

Answer 8

Decreases angle

Question 9

define extension

Answer 9

Increases angle

Question 10

define abduction

Answer 10

Moves away from center of body

Question 11

define adduction

Answer 11

Moves toward center of body

Question 12

define rotation

Answer 12

Turning of the joint (internal, external, pronation, supination)

Question 13

define circumduction

Answer 13

Circular motion (combines flexion, extension, abduction and adduction)

Question 14

define inversion

Answer 14

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Question 15

define eversion

Answer 15

Turning the sole of the foot outward

Question 16

define dorsiflexion

Answer 16

toes up heels down

Question 17

define plantar flexion

Answer 17

heels up toes down

Question 18

what do we assess in general survey in regards to MSK?

Answer 18

• Gait
• Symmetry
• Movement
• Posture
• Assistive devices

Question 19

what are some risk factors to assess related to MSK?

Answer 19

• Employment and working conditions
• Ergonomics
• Diet/Activity/Obesity
• Violence
• Risk of falls

Question 20

an achey pain is typically an issue in what?

Answer 20

muscle

Question 21

a sharp acute pain is typically an issue in what?

Answer 21

bone

Question 22

define degenerative disc

Answer 22

Age-related wear and tear on spinal discs

Question 23

define bulging disc

Answer 23

disc protrudes outward beyond its normal boundary, but the outer layer stays intact

Question 24

define herniated disc

Answer 24

inner gel-like material of the disc pushes out through a tear in the outer layer

Question 25

define thinning disc

Answer 25

disc loses height, becoming narrower

Question 26

define scoliosis

Answer 26

Sideways curvature of the spine, shaped like an “S” or “C”.

Question 27

define kyphosis

Answer 27

Exaggerated forward curve of the upper back (thoracic spine)

Question 28

define lordosis

Answer 28

Exaggerated inward curve of the lower back (lumbar spine)

Question 29

when do we perform functional assessment?

Answer 29

on any patient who has difficulty performing daily tasks (after trauma, injury, living with chronic illness or deficit)

Question 30

what are some red flags regarding MSK?

Answer 30

* loss of bowel control * Redness or swelling of a joint * Fractures * Dislocations * Severe strains or sprains * Spine/soft tissue injury * New onset of paresthesia or loss of sensation after orthopedic/neurosurgery.

Question 31

Pain, edema and warmth of extremity are red flags of what condition?

Answer 31

DVT

Question 32

Dyspnea, Chest Pain, diaphoresis and anxiety are red flags of what condition?

Answer 32

pulmonary embolism

Question 33

Pain in an extremity way beyond what is expected is a red flag of what condition?

Answer 33

compartment syndrome

Question 34

what components does CSMT assess?

Answer 34

* circulation * sensation * movement * temperature

Question 35

what are some risk factors for neurovascular compromise?

Answer 35

* Trauma * Burn * Injury * Infection * Cast * Traction * Tight dressing * Thrombosis risk

Question 36

how does arterial insufficiency present?

Answer 36

* Skin cool, thin, shiny * Pain with cold * Decreased Pulses * Decreased Hair * Thick Nails * Ischemic Ulcers Toes, Heel, Lateral Ankle * Cap refill >3 seconds

Question 37

how does venous insufficiency present?

Answer 37

* Skin thick, hardened * Edema * Varicose veins * Capillary refill <3 seconds * Location lower leg (Gaiter area)

Question 38

what do we assess during sensation of CSMT?

Answer 38

* Numbness * tingling, pain * absence of pain

Question 39

what do we assess during movement of CSMT?

Answer 39

* Wiggle fingers and toes * thumb opposition

Question 40

what do we assess during circulation of CSMT?

Answer 40

* Colour * temperature * capillary refill * peripheral pulses