Genitourinary

Question 1

what is the fxn of the kidney?

Answer 1

Filter blood and produce urine

Question 2

what is the fxn of the ureters?

Answer 2

Carry urine from kidneys to bladder.

Question 3

what is the fxn of the bladdeR?

Answer 3

store urine

Question 4

what is the fxn of the urethra?

Answer 4

Carries urine (and semen for men) out

Question 5

what are homeostatic functions of the urinary system?

Answer 5

• Regulate blood volume and blood pressure
• Adjust volume of water lost in urine
• Release erythropoietin and renin
• regulate plasma ion concentrations

Question 6

the urinary system controls the quantities of which ions in urine?

Answer 6

• sodium
• potassium
• chloride

Question 7

how is calcium ion level controlled?

Answer 7

through synthesis of calcitriol

Question 8

what is goal of urine production?

Answer 8

to maintain homeostasis by regulating volume and composition of blood

Question 9

what are the 3 metabolic wastes of urine?

Answer 9

• Urea
• Creatinine
• Uric acid

Question 10

what is the function epididymis?

Answer 10

stores and matures sperm

Question 11

what is the function of the testes?

Answer 11

• secrete male sex hormoens (androgens)
• produce male gametes (sperm)

Question 12

what is the function of the scrotum?

Answer 12

Sac that holds and protects the testes

Question 13

what is the function of ovaries?

Answer 13

• release oocytes
• produce estrogen and progesterone

Question 14

what is the function of the uterine tubes?

Answer 14

Carry oocytes to uterus

Question 15

what do oocytes mature into when fertilized?

Answer 15

ovum

Question 16

what is the function of the uterus?

Answer 16

Encloses and supports developing embryo

Question 17

what is the endometrium?

Answer 17

Lining of the uterus that thickens and sheds during menstruation

Question 18

what is the function of vagina?

Answer 18

Muscular canal connecting uterus with exterior

Question 19

what is the function of the labia minora and majora?

Answer 19

Outer and inner folds protecting the vaginal opening

Question 20

the testes must be what temperature in comparison to body temp?

Answer 20

1.1ºC lower

Question 21

when does oogenesis begin and end?

Answer 21

begins before birth and ends at menopause

Question 22

define oogonia

Answer 22

female reproductive stem cells found in fetal ovaries

Question 23

define atresia

`

Answer 23

process of degeneration of primary oocytes at birth

Question 24

oocytes that survive after atresia remain in which mitosis phase until puberty?

Answer 24

prophase I

Question 25

what are questions to ask during health hx that are unique to the genitourinary system?

Answer 25

* voiding frequency * incontinence * urgency * hesitancy * straining * nocturia * characteristics of urine

Question 26

define ectopic pregnancy

Answer 26

Fertilized egg implants outside the uterus (usually fallopian tube)

Question 27

ectopic pregnancy pain typically presents where?

Answer 27

super low inguinal and radiates upwards

Question 28

define UTi

Answer 28

Infection anywhere in the urinary tract

Question 29

define cystitis

Answer 29

Infection in the bladder

Question 30

what are some symptoms of menopause?

Answer 30

* Hot flashes * mood swings * vaginal dryness

Question 31

define pyelonephritis

Answer 31

Kidney infection from complicated UTI

Question 32

define endometriosis

Answer 32

Endometrial tissue grows outside uterus

Question 33

what are the symptoms of endometriosis?

Answer 33

* Painful periods * infertility * chronic pelvic pain

Question 34

what is PCOS?

Answer 34

Hormonal disorder with high androgens and irregular ovulation.

Question 35

what are the symptoms of PCOS?

Answer 35

* Irregular periods * acne * hirsutism * insulin resistance

Question 36

define testicular torsion

Answer 36

Twisting of spermatic cord → loss of blood supply to testicle

Question 37

what are the symptoms of testicular torsion?

Answer 37

* Sudden testicular pain * swelling * loss of climatoric reflex