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UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 > MPA1.2 > Flashcards

MPA1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

3 peth gwahannol sy’n gallu effeithio culture

A

crefydd
upbringing
llefydd o’ich gwmpas

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2
Q

enghraiff o circumstances o crime

A

oed

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3
Q

sut gallwch disgrifio sut mae laws rhwng gwahannol llefydd

A

dinamic

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4
Q

pam mae hi’n anodd diffinio trosedd?

A

cyfreithiau yn wahannol o diwylliant i diwylliant fel euthanesia, amser gwahannol - divorce yn arfer bod yn illeal a yr amgylchiadau fel oed

laws yn dinamic

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5
Q

pam mae cyfreithiau am troseddau yn amrywio

A

rhwng diwylliant, amser a crefydd

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6
Q

Hyd at 1998 be oedd oed trosedd ieunctid?

A

14-17

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7
Q

Hyd at pryd oedd oed trosedd ieunctid rhwng 14 a 17?

A

1998

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8
Q

Yn 1998 be oedd oed newid trosedd ieunctid?

A

10-17

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9
Q

pa problem wnath newid oed trosedd ieunctid neud i’r heddlu

A

mwy o gwaith gan bod wedi lledaennu

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10
Q

example o rhywbeth sy’n illegal yn Uk ond legal llefydd arall

A

underage marriage
euthanasia

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11
Q

example o rhywbeth sy’n legal yn UK ond illegal yn llefydd arall

A

yfed
divorce
homosexuality

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12
Q

example o rhywbeth which used to be illegal but now legal in UK

A

divorce
women voting

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13
Q

Used to be legal but now illegal in UK

A

smoking in public ares
capital punishment

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14
Q

be mae adultury yn enghraifft o

A

sut maer gyfraith yn newid o diwylliant i diwylliant

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15
Q

diffiniad o polygami

A

bod hefo mwy na un gwr / gwraig ar yr un pryd

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16
Q

diffiniad o polyandry

A

amlwragedd - menyw hefo 2 neu mwy gwr

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16
Q

be ydi polygyny

A

amlbriodas - dyn hefo 2 neu mwy o wragedd

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17
Q

faint o llefydd mae polygany yn gyfreithiol?

A

58 o wledydd

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18
Q

lle mae polyandry yn gyfreithiol?

A

dim ond ychydi o gymdeithasau

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19
Q

pa fath o wledydd sydd rhan amlaf heb wneud polygami anghyfreithiol

A

gwledydd mwslemaidd

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20
Q

cosb am torri rheolau polygami UK

A

hyd at 7 blynedd yn carchar

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21
Q

pam mae polygami yn existio

A

crefydd - qur’an yn caniatau cael hyd at 4 wragedd

traddodiad - rhai cymdeithasau yn america

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22
Q

diffiniad o adultury

A

gwithred rhywiol rhwng dau berson lle mae un neu’r dau yn briod i rywun arall ar yr pryd

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23
Q

lle mae adultury yn drosedd yn fel arfer

A

gwledydd mwslemaidd
gwledydd cristnogol - affirca + philippines+ taiwan + 21 o daliaethau America

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24
Q

cosb am adultury

A

amrywio o stonning i gosb eithaf yn rhai o wledydd dwyrain canol
chwippio ( malaysia a Indonseia)
dirwy - rhode island USA

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25
Q

yn pa blwyddyn dyma adultury yn cael ei decriminalisatio yn india

A

2018

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26
Q

pam mae adultury yn crime

A

mwyafrif o grefyddau yn condemnio
10 gorchymyn - cristion, islam, jews

cymdeithasau lle mae cyfreithiau yn seiliedig ar crefydd = theocracies

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27
Q

india cosb am adultury

A

fine, up to 5 years in prison or both

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28
Q

Sut nath law adultury india cael ei newid

A

awst 2017 nath Joseph SHine petitionio’r supreme court i newid gan bod yn discriminatio yn erbyn dynnion
awgrymmu bod merchaid yn property i dynion

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29
Q

faint o gwledydd mae homosexulaity dau dyn yn illegal

A

72

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30
Q

faint o gwledydd mae homosexulaity lesbian yn illegal

A

45

31
Q

faint o gwledydd gallwch cael y cosb eithaf am fod yn hoyw

A

12

32
Q

lle mae homosexuality yn legal

A

uk, ewrop, gogledd a de america

33
Q

lle mae homosexuality yn illegal

A

wleydd Mwslimaidd ond dim Indonesia ( oherwydd diwylliant) er mai nhw sydd hefo poblogaeth mwslemiadd fwyaf y byd

34
Q

pam mae homosexuality yn illegal

A

crefydd - cristnogaeth, islam a jews yn condemio - theocracies

public opinion - aifft 95% yn erbyn

35
Q

legal age limit for voting

A

16 to register
18 to vote

36
Q

legal age limit for leaving home

A

18 without parental consent

37
Q

legal age limit for working part time

A

13 if younger need a speical liscence

38
Q

legal age limit for working full time

A

16

39
Q

legal age limit for leaving school

A

last friday in june if your already 16 o’r going to turn 16 in summer holidays

40
Q

legal age limit for marriage and civil partnership

A

18

41
Q

legal age limit for alcohol

A

18 to buy
16 to drink with meal if accompanied by an adult

42
Q

legal age limit for driving

A

apply for provisional at 15 and 9 months
moped - 16
car - 17

43
Q

legal age limit for joining armed forces with parental consent

A

with parental consent
apply to royal navy and airforce at 15 + 9 months
apply to army at 15 + 7 months
actually serve 16

44
Q

legal age limit for joining armed forces without parental consent

A

18

45
Q

homosexuality in the 16th century

A

illegal - death penalty

46
Q

homosexuality in the 19th century

A

gets rid of the death penalty for the crime but is illegal between 2 men

47
Q

homosexuality in the 1950s

A

llawer yn cael ei harestio - cymdeithas yn dechra trafod yr mater o ddifri

48
Q

homosexuality in 1967

A

decriminalised
age of consent - 21

49
Q

homosexuality in 1994

A

age of consent changed to 18 by the law of justice and public order

50
Q

homosexuality in 2000

A

age of consent changed to 16 because of the deddf diwygio troseddau rhyw

51
Q

homosexuality in 2004

A

deddf partneriaeth sifil 2014

52
Q

homosexuality in 2014

A

deddf priodas o’r un rhyw yn cael ei pasio

53
Q

homosexuality discrimination law

A

equality act 2010

54
Q

why did homosexuality get decriminilised? - adroddiad

A

1957 - adroddiad wolfenden - laws yn amharau ar civil rights a ni ddyliair cyfraith bunsneu mewn materion o foesoldeb personol

55
Q

faint o pobl oedd yn yr carchar yn 1954 oherwydd homosexality

A

1000

56
Q

why did homosexuality get decriminilised? - campaigns

A

1967 - homosexuality law reform societry ymgyrchu am newid

cefnogwyd gan politicains fel Roy Jenkins oedd yn Home sec yn 1967

57
Q

why did homosexuality get decriminilised? - human rights

A

newid yn india oherwydd penderfyniad yr supreme court bod yr gov heb hawl i rheoli bywydau preifat pobl

58
Q

in what year did gay people get the right to adopt

A

2002

59
Q

yn yr 18th century how many crimes were there where you could get a death sentence

A

20 including pick pocketing

60
Q

why were the death sentence in the 18th century biased

A

pobl cyfoethog yn llunio deddfa i amddiffyn a helpu’i hyn

61
Q

i be oedd capital punishment yn cael ei defnyddio i erbyn canol y 20th century

A

troseddau difrifiol iawn fel llofruddiaeth a treason

62
Q

achos wnath newid agweddau pobl at capital punishment

A

derek bentley a timothy evans yn y 1950s

miscarriage of justice
dna evidence yn datblyu - amlwg bod llawer wedi cael ei dyfarnu’n euog ar gam

63
Q

pryd cafodd y cosb eithaf ei canslo drost amser yn y DU

A

1965

64
Q

pryd cafodd y cosb eithaf ei didymun llwyr?

A

1969 heblaw am brad

65
Q

pryd cafodd y cosb eithaf ei tynnu am literally everything

A

1998 yn y crime and disorder act

66
Q

diffiniad o cyfraith double jeopardy

A

atal unrhyw person rhag cael ei erlyn am yr un drosedd ar ol cael ei ddarganfod yn ddieuog / euog

67
Q

be oedd y achos wwnath achosi nhw newid yr gyfraith double jepordy

A

1989 - julie hogg murdered yn birmingham
Billy dunlop ei gyhuddo ond got cleared cause rheithgor methu dod i penderfynniad

confessed to her murder after because protected by double jeopardy - darganfod yn euog o dweud celwydd yn llys

mam hogg yn ymgyrchu gan defnyddio papurau newydd

newid gyfraith yn 2003 gan ddileu double =jeopardy i 30 o droseddau difrifol

68
Q

2 enghraifft o gun crime yn yr uk

A

1987 - hungerford - michael ryan saethu 16 o bobl yn farw

1996 - dunblane - thomas hamilton lladd 16 o blant a un athrawes

69
Q

1997 gun law change

A

didymu’r hawl i berchnogi guns o unrhyw fath onibau hand un .22

70
Q

1998 gun law change

A

didymu’r hawl i fod yn berchen ar hand gun yn gyfan gwbl

71
Q

pam nath gun laws uk newid

A

barn gyhoeddus - rhwydwaith rheoli drylliau - wedi gwneud o cyfreithwyr, academwyr a rhieni dioddefwyr

ymgyrch snowdrop gan rhieni dunblane - 750,000 signatures

72
Q

how much drugs can you legally carry in portugal

A

2g coke
25g pot maijuana
1g heroin

73
Q

when was portugal decriminalised drugs

A

2001

74
Q

1990s portugal % that had heroine addiction

A

1%

75
Q

since they introduced decriminlaising drugs what happened to death rate

A

4 times lower drug induced deaths

76
Q
A

UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 (4 decks)

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