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UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 > MPA 2.3 Sociological Theories > Flashcards

MPA 2.3 Sociological Theories Flashcards

1
Q

meaning gwyliadwriaeth synoptig

A

pawb yn gwylio pawb

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2
Q

pwy ti fod i siarad am yn surveillance theories

A

focault - panopticon

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3
Q

defenition of surveilance theories

A

monitro pobl i rheoli troseddau, cynhyrchu proffilau o unigolion o grwpiau

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4
Q

meaning o panopticon

A

pawb yn gweld

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5
Q

3 steps i siarad am surveillance theories

A

1 - yn cymdeithas modern rhaid rheoli mwy trwy hunan wyliadwriaeth

2 - celloedd i gyd yn weladwy o fan gwylio canolog

3 - gwliadwriaeth yn troi’n hunanwyliadwriaeth

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6
Q

cryfderau right realism

A

1 - helpu cyfeirio ymchwil y llwyodraeth i droseddu

2 - cynnig dull mwy practical o ddelio a troseddau

3 - flood page et al yn ategu’r farn bod y teulu yn dirywio

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7
Q

gwendidadu right wing realism

A

1 - rhy barod i derbyn stats troseddu

2 - anwybyddu’r achosion strwythurol troseddu fel tlodi

3 -anwubyddu’r blwch cynyddol rhwng y cyfoethog ar tlawd

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8
Q

be di key word yr right realism theory

A

rational choice theory

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9
Q

be di idea rational choice thoery (right)

A

lleihad mewn safonnau moesol

J Wilson - America - trosedd cynyddu cause pobl drwg a hunanol, dim yn ofni’r cosb

pobl yn torri’r gyfraith pan budd yn mwy na cosb

also blames lack of traditional family units

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10
Q

cryfderau left realism theory

A

1 - rhoi mwy o sylw i rol y dioddefwyr na other any theory

2 - cydnabod achosion niferus trosedd

3 - peidio mawrygu’r heddlu na ymosod arno

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11
Q

gwendidau left realism

A

1 - dim yn esbonio pam nad yw pawb mewn deprivation yn troi ar drosedd

2 - cymysgedd o’r damcaniaethau eraill i gyd

3 - dim yn esbonio white colar crimes

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12
Q

left realism theory

A

inequality stems from a capitalist society

inequality is route cause of crime

communities lost trust in police

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13
Q

supporting theory left realism

A

byddin gynyddol o bobl ifanc di waith yn defnyddio trais a troseddu fel modd o fynegi eu hunain instead of interest in politics

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14
Q

name i need to remember to say in right realism

A

J Q Wilson (america)

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15
Q

key word o interactionalists

A

labelling theory

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16
Q

cryfderau interactionalists

A

1 - tynnu sylw at ganlyniad negatif labelu pobl

2 - tynnu sylw at wendidas ystadegau swyddogol

3 - tynnu sylw at rol y cyfryngau wrth ddiffinio a creu gwyredd

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17
Q

gwendidau interactionalists theory

A

1 - dim yn esbonio pam mae deviance yn digwydd yn y lle cyntaf

2 - anwybyddu’r dioddefwr

3 - dim angen label ar troseddwr iddo wybod ei fod yn gwneud rhywbeth drwg

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18
Q

pwy di interactionalists

A

howard becker

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19
Q

interactionalists - be di’r types of deviance

A

cynradd
gwyredd sydd ddim yn derbyn sylwr cyhoedd ac felly heb label

eilradd
derbyn label gan cymdeithas

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20
Q

be i siarad am mewn interactionalists theory

A

1 - neb yn wyrdroedig yn naturiol ond yn wyrdroedig o dan label a hynny sydd yn dylanwadu ar ymddygiad

2 - 2 types of deviance a explain

3 - label works as a self fulfilling prophecy - master status

4 - moral panic, arwain at beio pobl penodl, folk devils a’i gwthio i gyrrion society

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21
Q

di’r quote i dysgu hefor interactionalists

A

“deviant behaviour is behaviour that people so label”

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22
Q

pwy di’r 2 boi functionalists

A

Merton
Durkeim

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23
Q

supporting theory guy i functionalists

A

Cohen (status frustration)

24
Q

be di supporting theory functionalists

A

Cohen

lower classes commit crime because they can’t do through legal means

this creates alternative hierarchy - ennill parch trwy troseddu

25
cryfderau functionalists theory
1 - da i egluro sut gall troseddu fod yn rhywbeth positif i gymdeithas 2 - dangos sut gsll cyfyngu dewis pobl mewn bywyd arwain at ymddygiad gwyredig 3 - merton yn canolbwyntio ar data syn dangos yn lir cysylltiad rhwng troseddu a tlodi
26
gwendidau functionalist theories
1 - durkheim - tor cyfraith yn hanfodl i gymdeithas weithio'n iawn ond dim yn deud faint o dor cyfraith sy'n ormod 2 - troseddu ddim o werth i'r dioddefwyr 3 - metron - dueddol o ignorio trosedd yr rich
27
key word functionalists
anomi
28
be ydi anomi
symptom o cymdeithas gwael
29
be di durkeim theory functionalists
deviant behaviour is normal ac inevitable trosedd yn cyflawni swyddogaeth mewn cymdeithas
30
durkheim - be mae trosedd yn neud mewn cymdeithas
1 - hyrwyddo newid cymdeithasol 2 - dod a pobl at ei gilydd 3 - cadw ffiniau 4 - rhybuddio
31
keyword merton functionalists
strain theory
32
be di'r 5 groups merton
conformity innovation ritualism retreatism rebellion
33
be di anomi durkeim
rhywbeth oedd yn datblygu yn sgil diffyg intigreiddio i mewn i normau a gwerthoedd cymdeithas
34
anomi merton
intigreiddio gormod - isho americain dream felly'n barod i droseddu iw cyrraedd
35
be di theory merton
strain theory rhywun yn ceisio cyflawni rhywbeth ond heb y modd iw cyflawni
36
Merton - conformity
ceisio gwella sefyllfa o fewn cymdeithas ( gweithio am american dream)
37
Merton - innovation
eisio gwella ond mewn ffordd illegal
38
Merton - ritualism
wedi rhoi gorau trio gwella, plod along with dead end jobs
39
Merton - retreatism
gwrthod modd a llwyddiant (dropouts, vagrant, drunkards, drug addicts)
40
Merton - rebellion
gwrthod modd a llwyddiant ond dod fyny hefo rhai newydd eg hippies
41
cryfderau marcswyr
1 - cynnig esboniad am droseddu sy'n cynnwys pob dosbarth cymdeithasol 2 - tynnu sylw at effaith gorfodi'r gyfraith 3 - dangos sut mae'r gyfraith yn adlwyrchu gwahaniaethau mewn grym rhwng y social groups
42
gwendidau marcwsyr theory
1 - anwybyddu other inequalities which aren't class related 2 - gordeud faint o droseddau sy'n digwydd mewn cymunedau working class 3 - llawer o pobl yn cael ei herlyn am white coler crimes
43
% of stats marcswyr think aren't right
42
44
key words o marcswyr
bourgeoise proletariat
45
marcswyr theory
gwrthryfel (including crimes) cause o capitalism elite hefo pwer yn defnyddior gyfraith i amddiffyn eu safle breintedig trwy rhoi mwy o sylw i droseddau pobl tlawd
46
be dir 4 things mae marcswyr yn meddwl syn achosi crimes
1 - tlodi yn arwain pobl i droseddu er mwy'n goroesi 2 -system capitalisms yn gwthio consumerism - troseddu i cael pethau 3 - inequality - troseddau treisiol 4 - dog eat dog
47
marcswyr - how many white colar crimes are prosecuted
3 out of 200
48
what are the 5 main points to remember about marxists
1 - crime is due to inequalities in society 2 - capitalism pushes consumerism 3 - white collar crime is seen as less serious 4 - working class is treated differently by society 5 - official crime statistics can be manipulated
49
what was marxs solution
new social structure - communism, everyone equal no private ownership of land or property
50
mertons 5 things
conformity innovation ritualism retreatism rebellion
51
side note - 1 advantage , 1 disadvantage of of merton strain theory
same goals can lead to different behaviour - conformists and innovators lower class more likely to commit crime ignores crime of wealthy
52
6 points of marxists to rwtchan am
- capitalists social structure - bourgeoise / proletariat - effects of capitalism - cause of crime - white collar crime - working class targeted from police
53
what would you write for a merton question 5 marker
- unequal society - success measured in wealth - strive for success but can't achieve - anomi - innovation and retreatism may lead to crime - cohen - deviant leads to low self worth
54
supporting theory left wing
lea and young - relative deprevation media shows people what other people want others in society to have and this makes them feel deprived by contrast
55
5 things to talk about with right wing question
- political conservatism - tough on crime - underclass responsible for crime - charles murray - criminals lack social bonds - use of cctv and zero tolerance
56
5 things to talk about with left wing question
- more equal and caring society is needed - inequalities created by a capitalist society - poeple don't have power or resources to fullly participate in society and are therefore marginalised - crime could be reduced by improving leisure facilities for the young

UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 (11 decks)

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